Development of Community health promotion model focused on oral care for elderly

【目的】本研究旨在评估一项促进老年人口腔健康自我管理的健康促进计划。[方法]干预方案包括小组研究和私人咨询，为期3个月。小组研究包括：1)监测口腔状况和进行口腔自我保健；2)监测口腔功能和进行口腔运动；3)小组讨论继续进行口腔自我保健。在调查开始时、结束时和调查结束后3个月对结果进行评分：1)口腔自我保健，2)口腔状况（蛀牙、CPI、牙菌斑和牙垢沉积），3)口腔功能（RSST, oral Diadochokinesis）， 4)生活质量（SF-8 v2^<TM>， GOHAI）， 5)认知功能（MMSE-J）。[结果]男性19例，女性131例，平均年龄73.6±7.3岁，年龄范围60 ~ 94岁。在口腔保健方面，受试者比以前更频繁地清洁牙齿，使用牙线的人数显著增加（p<0.001）。干预后牙周评分、牙菌斑、牙垢明显降低（P<0.01 ~ 0.001）。口腔功能明显改善（p<0.05 ~ 0.01）。口腔生活质量和认知功能评分均显著提高（P<0.05 ~ 0.01）。【结论】本项目不仅促进了口腔自我保健，形成了良好的口腔健康状况，而且改善了老年人的认知功能。【伦理考虑】所有受试者均获得知情同意，本研究经兵库大学研究伦理委员会批准。

[Purpose] This study aimed to evaluate a health promotion program for the elderly to foster self-management of oral health.[Method] The intervention program consisted of the group studies and private consultations for three months. The group study included 1) monitoring the oral condition and practicing oral self-care, 2) monitoring oral function and practicing oral exercise and 3) group discussion on continuing oral self-care. Outcomes were evaluated at the beginning, at the end, and at three months after the investigation by scores for 1) oral self-care, 2) oral condition(decayed teeth, CPI, deposits of plaque and tartar), 3) oral function(RSST, Oral Diadochokinesis), 4) QOL(SF-8 v2^<TM>, GOHAI), 5) cognitive function(MMSE-J).[Results] Subjects consisted of 19 males and 131 females(average age, 73.6±7.3 years ; range, 60-94 years). On oral health care, subjects cleaned their teeth more often than before and the use of dental floss was significantly increased in number(p<0.001). Periodontal score, dental plaque and tartar were significantly lower after intervention(P<0.01-0.001). Oral function also improved significantly(p<0.05-0.01). Scores for oral QOL and cognitive function improved significantly(P<0.05-0.01).[Conclusion] These results suggest that this program promotes not only oral self-care, resulting in good oral health conditions, but also improves cognitive function in the elderly.[Ethical consideration] Informed consent was obtained from all subjects, and this study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of University of Hyogo.