Development of a death education program for middle aged people in fostering ability to survive

本研究的目的是为中年人制定一套培养生存能力的死亡教育方案。培养中年的生存能力，将有助于应对未来日子里的痛苦，如疾病、损失和面对死亡。本研究分为三个步骤：第一步，调查护理、医学、宗教学院死亡教育的实际情况。69名院系回答了他们的死亡教育实践。几乎所有人都在课堂上讲授死亡的定义、临终病人的心理社会问题以及照顾临终病人的方法。对20名教职工进行死亡教育。2.描述临终病人的生存能力。13名来访护士和15名临终关怀护士参加了本次研究。通过对护士成绩单的分析，临终病人的生存能力意味着病人已经并保持着自己的希望或愿望。患者的希望和愿望由“生活态度”、“现场感”、“对象”和“重要他人的纽带”组成。3.基于人文关怀的理念，制定中年人生存能力培养的死亡教育方案。该程序由两个模块组成，进行小组内会话。其中一个模块是健康促进，因为中年人以健康生活为导向。这将是参与者的动力。另一个模块是对生活的态度，因为它将成为他们未来希望的来源。在未来的日子里，应对苦难的最重要的事情是人们接受他们过去的生活事件和他们的苦难。

The purpose of this study was to development of a death education program for middle-aged person in fostering ability to survive. Fostering ability to survive in middle age will contribution to cope with suffering in days to come, such as illness, loss and facing with death. This study was consisted of three steps.1.The first step was to investigate the actual conditions of death education that faculty of school of nursing, medical and science of religion. 69 faculties answered about their practice of death education. Almost all of them taught at class about definition of death, psychosocial issue of terminal patient and means of taking care of dying person. Twenty faculties did death education for the general public.2.The second step was to describe the ability of survive in terminal patients. 13 visiting nurses and 15 hospice nurses participated in this study. By the analysis of nurses' transcriptions, the ability of survive of terminal patient meant patients had and maintained their own hope or wish. Patients' hope and wish were consisted of ‘attitude of life', ‘presence feeling', ‘object' and ‘bonds of significant others.'3.The third step was to develop of a death education program for middle-aged person in fostering ability to survive based on concept of human caring. This program was consisted in two modules carry out in-group session. One module was health promotion, because middle-aged people ware oriented healthy life. It will be motivation of participants. Another module was making attitude to their life, because it will become origin of hope in their future. Most important thing to cope with suffering in days to come will people accept their past life event and their suffering.