On the Legal Systems for the Stability of Employment in Edo-Meiji Period

论江户明治时期稳定就业的法律制度

• 批准号: 16530001
• 负责人: YOSHIDA Masashi
• 金额: $ 2.05万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530001/
• 关键词: Law of Employment; Employment Office; Employment Agency; Servant; Labor

Three chapters compose this report.1 Chapter one is the study of the employment offices and agencies in Edo period. In this study I categorize them in four types : (I) The lords had deep concern for the servants in the city, (II) The lord had no concern for the servant in the city, (III) The lords had deep concern for the servants in the village, (IV) The lords had no concern for the servants in the village. As a result, I make it clear that each employment office and agency have some legal systems for the stability of employment. But the rapid modernization of Meiji Japan break down them.2 Chapter two is the study of employment agencies of Sendai-Clan. I prove that in the former term of Edo period there were employment agency for the servant who were employed by warriors (they were called Samurai, Buke or Bushi). In the middle term there were the employment agency who supplied servants from outside of Sendai-Clan. And in the latter term there were the employment agency for the servants who were employed by farmers. The lord had deep concern for the legal systems for the stability of employment in each terms.3 Chapter three is the study of the legal systems that repurchase lands and servants in Edo period. The some types of servants in Edo period were similar to slaves. So they were frequently purchased and repurchased. The legal system that repurchase lands and servants were almost same. The present Japanese Civil Law have no articles that repurchase servants. But it played very important part in the history of Japan.

全文共分三章。第一章是江户时期的职业介绍所研究。在本研究中，我将其分为四种类型：(1)领主对城市仆人的深切关怀；(2)领主对城市仆人的不关心；(3)领主对乡村仆人的深切关怀；(4)领主对乡村仆人的不关心。因此，我明确，每个职业介绍所和中介机构都有一些稳定就业的法律制度。但明治日新月异的近代化却打破了这一局面。第二章，仙台氏职业介绍所研究。我证明在江户时代的前一个时期，有为武士(称为武士、武士或武士)雇佣的仆人的职业介绍所。中期有职业介绍所，提供仙台族以外的佣人。在后一时期，有为受雇于农民的佣人提供职业介绍的机构。三是江户时期回购土地和回购佣人的法律制度研究。江户时代的某些类型的仆人类似于奴隶。因此，它们经常被购买和回购。回购土地和回购佣人的法律制度几乎是相同的。现行的日本民法没有关于回购公务员的条款。但它在日本历史上发挥了非常重要的作用。

项目成果

On the Legal Systems that Repurchase Lands and Servants in Edo Period

论江户时代收回土地和仆人的法律制度

• 期刊: HAYASHI Nobuo ed. The Birth of Law and System of Japanese Civil Law, SOBUNSHA
• 作者: 吉田 正志;吉 田 正 志;YOSHIDA Masashi
• 通讯作者: YOSHIDA Masashi

江戸時代の買戻しについて

关于江户时代的回购

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 法の生成と民法の体系(林信夫他編)(創文社)
• 作者: 吉田 正志