On the Legal Systems for the Stability of Employment in Edo-Meiji Period

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Three chapters compose this report.1 Chapter one is the study of the employment offices and agencies in Edo period. In this study I categorize them in four types : (I) The lords had deep concern for the servants in the city, (II) The lord had no concern for the servant in the city, (III) The lords had deep concern for the servants in the village, (IV) The lords had no concern for the servants in the village. As a result, I make it clear that each employment office and agency have some legal systems for the stability of employment. But the rapid modernization of Meiji Japan break down them.2 Chapter two is the study of employment agencies of Sendai-Clan. I prove that in the former term of Edo period there were employment agency for the servant who were employed by warriors (they were called Samurai, Buke or Bushi). In the middle term there were the employment agency who supplied servants from outside of Sendai-Clan. And in the latter term there were the employment agency for the servants who were employed by farmers. The lord had deep concern for the legal systems for the stability of employment in each terms.3 Chapter three is the study of the legal systems that repurchase lands and servants in Edo period. The some types of servants in Edo period were similar to slaves. So they were frequently purchased and repurchased. The legal system that repurchase lands and servants were almost same. The present Japanese Civil Law have no articles that repurchase servants. But it played very important part in the history of Japan.