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Economic Analysis on Privatization of Special Corporations and Public Corporations

特殊公司和公营公司私有化的经济分析

基本信息

批准号：
16530177
负责人：
MIZUTANI Fumitoshi
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530177/
关键词：
Special Corporation Public Corporation Privatization Efficiency Regulatory Reform

项目摘要

In this study, we analyze issues related to the privatization of government-affiliated special corporations and public corporations. The specific purposes of this study are 1) to evaluate the results of privatization, 2) to make clear factors leading to privatization, 3) to obtain policy knowledge and lessons from privatization. The main industries which we analyze in this study are 1) the railway industry, 2) road businesses, 3) the postal service industry, and 4) public utility industries such as bus service industries which comprise both public corporations and government-affiliated special corporations. We take the following steps in this study: 1) a survey of previous studies and an initial analysis, 2) data collection and the construction of a data base, 3) analysis by econometric models and recollection of extra data sets, and 4) model construction and a policy analysis. In 2004, we analyzed mainly the postal service industry and the railway industry. In 2005, we focused on the … More analysis of the postal service industry and road business. In 2006, the final year of this study, we performed an analysis of road businesses, other public corporations, and government-affiliated special corporations. All results obtained in this study have been summarized in academic papers, which we have been presenting at conferences and submitting to academic refereed journals in Japan and overseas.The main results provided in this study are summarized as follows. First, the universal supply (USO) cost in the postal service industry attains around 17% to total revenues. Even if the privatization of postal services is accomplished, the USO cost still remains about 13% to total revenues. In addition to privatization, it is inevitable that the Post Office be reorganized if better performance is to be accomplished. Second, based on results from econometric analysis of the Japanese National Railways privatization, TFP growth after privatization was annually 2.97%, with privatization raising TFP growth by 1.62% annually. Furthermore, over-capitalization at the former JNR has been corrected by privatization. In the road business, public infrastructure such as roads contributes to an increase in private productivity. As for the privatization of the highway public corporations, there remains a problem in the method of vertical separation. Last, as for factors affecting privatization decisions of public corporations, the marketability factor is the most important. The existence of more than two regulators also affects privatization decisions. When there are more than two competent authorities (regulators), the possibility of privatization decreases. Less

在本研究中，我们分析了政府下属的特殊公司和公共公司的民营化问题。本研究的具体目的是：1)评估民营化的结果；2)明确导致民营化的因素；3)从民营化中获取政策知识和经验教训。本研究主要分析的行业有：1)铁路行业；2)公路业务；3)邮政服务行业；4)公共事业行业，如公共公司和政府下属的特殊公司组成的公共服务行业。本文的研究步骤如下：1)对已有研究进行回顾和初步分析；2)数据收集和数据库构建；3)计量模型分析和额外数据集的回收；4)模型构建和政策分析。2004年，我们主要分析了邮政行业和铁路行业。2005年，我们重点分析了邮政服务行业和道路业务。2006年，也就是本研究的最后一年，我们对道路企业、其他公共企业和政府下属的特殊企业进行了分析。本研究获得的所有结果均已总结成学术论文，并已在日本和海外的学术期刊上发表。本研究提供的主要结果总结如下：首先，邮政服务行业的通用供应（USO）成本占总收入的17%左右。即使邮政服务私有化完成，USO的成本仍然占总收入的13%左右。除了私有化之外，要想取得更好的业绩，邮政部门的改组是不可避免的。第二，根据日本国家铁路民营化的计量分析结果，民营化后的TFP年增长率为2.97%，其中民营化使TFP年增长率提高了1.62%。此外，前日本铁路公司的过度资本化已通过私有化得到纠正。在道路行业，道路等公共基础设施有助于提高私人生产力。在公路公共公司民营化方面，纵向分离的方式存在问题。最后，在影响上市公司私有化决策的因素中，市场化因素是最重要的。两个以上监管机构的存在也会影响私有化决策。当有两个以上主管当局（监管机构）时，私有化的可能性降低。少