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Empirical Studies on Cost Structure, Regulation and Privatization in Public Utility Industries

公用事业行业成本结构、监管与私有化的实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
12630055
负责人：
MIZUTANI Fumitoshi
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the possibility of the introduction of competition policy by analyzing the cost structure of public utility industries and to assess how performance measures such as productive efficiency might be improved by the privatization of the public utility industries. We will present policy implications garnered from these analyses. The four main industries we analyzed were the water supply industry, the railway industry, the postal service industry and local public services. We chose these industries because there are strong expectations that they will be reformed (e.g. the water supply industry), some have already been reformed (e.g. the railway industry), and there is for many of them the possibility that they will be privatized or that their management style will be changed to resemble more closely private-style management.We collected data regarding public utility industries, which we analyzed by using econometric techniques and from which we obtained information relevant to policy formation. For example, optimal size in terms of providing the minimum average costs is a population of about 760 thousand. Second, we found a competition effect on the private sector's efficiency improvement in parcel delivery service but could not discern a clear effect on productivity improvement and cost reduction for the Post Office. Third, there are no cost advantages in maintenance activities for the operation-infrastructure separation scheme in the railway industry. Last, privatization certainly leads to the cost reduction effect.

本研究的主要目的是通过分析公用事业行业的成本结构来评估引入竞争政策的可能性，并评估公用事业行业的私有化如何改善生产效率等绩效指标。我们将提出从这些分析中获得的政策含义。我们分析的四个主要行业是供水行业、铁路行业、邮政服务行业和地方公共服务。我们之所以选择这些行业，是因为有强烈的期望，认为它们将被改革（如供水行业），有些已经改革（例如铁路业），而其中很多行业都有可能私营化，或改变管理模式，更接近私营化。我们搜集了有关公用事业的数据，我们使用计量经济学技术进行分析，并从中获得与政策形成相关的信息。例如，就提供最低平均成本而言，最佳规模是大约76万人口。第二，我们发现竞争对私营机构提高包裹派递服务的效率有影响，但对邮政署提高生产力和降低成本没有明显影响。第三，铁路行业的运营基础设施分离计划在维修活动方面没有成本优势。最后，私有化必然导致成本降低效应。