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A Study of the reorganization of smaller business, and remodeling of the distribution system during the WW II

二战期间小企业重组和分销系统重塑研究

基本信息

批准号：
16530232
负责人：
YAMAZAKI Shiro
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Tokyo Metropolitan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530232/
关键词：
Wartime controlled economy reorganization of smaller business System of mobilization Regulation of demand and supply Rationing Wartime Finance Bank National Reconstruction Bank Investment adjustment 戦時経済流通機構織物工業軍需融資リスク分散金融市場

项目摘要

In this project we studied the reorganization of smaller business, and the remodeling of the distribution system during the WWII. we also clarificated the role of the specific financial organs, the Wartime finance bank (Senji Kinyu Kinko), and the National Reconstruction Bank ( Kokumin Kosei Kinko) on financial market control. Our conclusions are as follows.(1) The concentration of production to excellent equipment and the abandonmet of inferior equipment started in 1940.(2) Organizing to a business association and an industrial union is advanced to execute the enterprise readjustment smoothly, and interests in the industry have been adjusted.(3) The Wartime Finance Bank furnished funds not only to big munitions firms but also small firms, such as wooden shipyards, or small shipping agent, to reduce transportation problem.(4) The Wartime Finance Bank financed high-risk loan which private bank can not deal.(5) The Reconstruction Bank promoted the small firm reorganization policy. The number of firms re-organized during the war reached one million.(6) To smooth the mobilization poly, the Nationarl Reconstruction Bank paid much compensation money for re-construction to people who closed their business.(7) The specific financial organs covered high-risk and unprofitable financing, and helped the format ion of co-ordination and cooperation with the mobilization policy.

在这个项目中，我们研究了二战期间小型企业的重组和分销系统的重塑。我们还明确了具体的金融机构，即战时金融银行（Senji Kinyu Kinko）和国家重建银行（Kokumin Kosei Kinko）在金融市场控制方面的作用。我们的结论如下。(1)生产向优质设备集中，劣等设备报废始于1940年。(2)推进组建行业协会、行业工会，顺利实施企业调整，行业利益得到调整。(3)战时金融银行不仅向大型军火公司提供资金，而且也向小型公司提供资金，如木制造船厂或小型航运代理，以减少运输问题。(4)战时金融银行提供了私人银行无法处理的高风险贷款。(5)复兴银行推行小企业重组政策。战争期间改组的公司达到了100万家。(6)为使动员顺利进行，国家重建银行向停业者支付了大量的重建补偿款。(7)具体财政机构涵盖高风险和无利可图的融资，并有助于形成与动员政策的协调与合作。