The rationalization of the circulation and the distribution industry under the war and postwar controlled economy

在这个项目中，我们研究了1941-1948年的分配制度，这是日本战时控制经济的基础。我们的结论如下。(1)运力是物资动员计划（busshi-douin-keikaku）和运力扩张计划（seisanryoku-kakuju-keikaku）的基础。因此，战时经济崩溃的原因是1941年，由于陆军和海军的征用，航运急剧减少。(2)太平洋战争期间，船舶代理人被整合为一个经营组织（Senpaku-un-eikai），多种物资被彻底动员到造船业中。(3)国民再生银行（National Rebirth Bank，简称kokumin-kousei-kinko）是GHQ管理的关闭机构之一，促进了小型企业特别是商业企业的清算，并带来了大量的劳动力和废料用于再利用。(4)在战时和战后控制经济时期，批发经销商的合并和合理化在分销体系中具有重要意义。

In this project we studied the distribution system 1941-1948 which was established the foundation of the wartime controlled economy in Japan. Our conclusions are as follows.(1) Transporting capacity was the base of the material mobilization plan (busshi-douin-keikaku) and the capacity expanding plan (seisanryoku-kakuju-keikaku). So the cause of the collapse of the wartime economy was the sharp decrease of shipping in 1941, by the requisition of the army and the navy.(2) During the Pacific War, shipping agents were integrated into one operating organization (Senpaku-un-eikai), and many kind of materials were mobilized into the shipbuilding industry thoroughly.(3) National Rebirth Bank (kokumin-kousei-kinko) one of the closed institutes directed by GHQ, promoted the liquidation of smaller business especially commerce business, and brought forth much labor and scrap for reuse.(4) Wholesale dealers merger and rationalization had been very significant in the distribution system during the wartime and the post wartime controlled economy.