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Study of Policies on Enhancement of Teacher Quality of Education Reform in Britain

英国教育改革中提高教师质量的政策研究

基本信息

批准号：
16530535
负责人：
TOMITA Fukuyo
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Kansai University of International Studies (2006)Aichi Konan College (2004-2005)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study explores policies on teacher education in Britain, focusing on enhancement of teacher quality which is one of the most important factors of education reform.Although the keys of education reform in Britain are generally understood competing mechanism and centralization, from the wide point of view, it is in the combination of both controversial concepts of competition and control, and centralization and decentralization. The education reform is also based on that policy. In other word, it is the policy of "control and support".The main national institutions concerning enhancement of teacher quality are Training and policy maker: Development Agency for School (TDA), quality assurance: Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) and professional autonomy : General Teaching Council (GTC). TDA controls national teacher standards of Qualified Teacher Status and of requirements of initial teacher education.OFSTED inspects those implementations and qualities in all the institutions on teacher education.By using the OFSTED inspection data, TDA accredits teacher education courses, reforms teacher education curriculum, and distribute educational budget to the institutions. GTC composed by all the teachers in the state schools, mainly controls professional codes and continuing professional development such as providing in-service education and professional information. Those three institutions co-operate each other, and play their own roles in enhancement of teacher quality.Thorough education reform since 1980's, it has been gradually formulated the triangle balance system of the British policies on enhancement of teacher quality, by teachers, central policy-maker and assessment agency.

本研究探讨英国教师教育政策，着重探讨教育改革中最重要的因素之一--教师素质的提高。虽然英国教育改革的核心被普遍理解为竞争机制和集权，但从广义上看，它是竞争与控制、集权与分权这两个有争议的概念的结合。教育改革也是以这一政策为基础的。提高教师质量的主要国家机构有：培训和政策制定机构：学校发展署;质量保证机构：教育标准办公室;专业自主机构：一般教学理事会。TDA控制着国家教师资格标准和初始教师教育要求。OFSTED检查了所有教师教育机构的执行情况和质量。TDA利用OFSTED检查数据，调整教师教育课程，改革教师教育课程，并向机构分配教育预算。GTC由公立学校的所有教师组成，主要控制职业规范和继续职业发展，如提供在职教育和专业信息。20世纪80年代以来，经过深入的教育改革，英国教师素质提高政策逐渐形成了教师、中央决策者和评估机构的三角平衡体系。