Creation of function of information transmission by micro-metalforming of surface microgeometry utilizing technology of plasticity

在工件表面控制型腔的微成形是金属成形的一个很有前途的应用，尽管它还没有普及。因此，金属表面可以具有可靠和持久的信息传输功能，例如可以用于质量控制、回收和工业零件的处理。然而，通常金属成形需要一套适合于生产几何形状固定的零件的工具，并且适应于与要传输的各种信息相对应的各种几何形状具有一些困难。在本研究中，数字和字符被转换成二维条码符号的数据矩阵和QR码的PC软件。将符号图像输出到PC控制的点冲击机，然后通过锥形点冲击针将符号的所有白色单元点到金属样品（例如抛光的不锈钢板）上。点的间距固定为0.12 mm，点的直径范围为28 - 6 关于我们 8克，取决于机器的设置。即使是300个字符的点标记，也可以通过配备CCD宏透镜和环形光导的PC控制的光学系统进行快速解码。下一步，对于小样本或小区域的信息创建，通过基于PC的光学测量系统，从金属成型和2D条形码解码方面探索表面空腔小型化的可能性。结果表明，在镜面加工的金属板上成功地进行了16倍高密度点的金属成形和解码，点间距为30 μm，点密度为840 DPI。小型化的限制是将表面空腔的直径限制在点间距的120%以内。此外，工件表面粗糙度的影响，检查该方法的适用性。通过增强的照明角度倾斜度和/或额外的图像处理来增强背景和点状腔体之间的光学对比度，成功地解码了发纹抛光或磨损的试样。少

Microforming of controlled cavities on workpiece surfaces is a promising application of metal forming although it is not yet popular. Metallic surfaces can thus have the function of reliable and durable information transmission that can be used, for example, in quality control, recycling and the disposal of industrial parts. However, usually metal forming requires a set of tools that is suitable for producing geometrically fixed parts and has some difficulties adapting to various geometries corresponding to various information to be transmitted. In this research, numerals and characters are converted into two-dimensional bar code symbols of the Data Matrix and QR Code by a PC software. The symbol images are exported to a PC-controlled dot impact machine and then all the white cells of the symbol are dotted onto a metal sample, for example a polished stainless steel plate, by a cone-shaped dot impact pin. The pitch of dots is fixed at 0.12 mm and the diameters of dots range from 28 to 6 … More 8 gm depending on the setup of the machine. Dotted marks of even three hundred characters are rapidly decoded by a PC-controlled optical system that supports direct marking and is equipped with a CCD macro-lens and a ring light guide.In the next step, for small samples or small areas for creating information, a possibility of miniaturization of surface cavities is explored in terms of metal forming and decoding of the 2D barcode with a PC-based optical measuring system. It was found that 16-times high-density dots of 840 DPI with a pitch of 30 μm on a mirror finished metal plate was successfully metalformed and decoded. The limitation of miniaturization was to limit the diameter of surface cavities within 120% of pitch of dots. In addition, the effect of surface roughness of workpiece is examined to check the applicability of this method. Hair-line finished or abraded test pieces were successfully decoded with an enhanced inclination of lighting angles and / or additional image processing for enhancing optical contrast between background and dotted cavities. Less