Research on Compact High-efficiency Synchronous Machine for Ship Propulsion with HTS Bulks Field

设计、制造了一台直径200mm、厚度96mm的高温超导块材永磁同步电动机。(1)试验机是一台轴向间隙电机，包括一个23mm厚的低温恒温器和两个电枢，低温恒温器内装有2极高温超导体（直径46mm，厚度17mm）。电枢分别包括三个电枢线圈（每相一个，三相），198匝铜线（直径8mm）固定在后轭上。将低温恒温器夹在两个电枢之间，每侧具有1mm的间隙。(2)磁极相位可通过安装在旋转轴上的编码器检测。逆变器通过电刷和滑环向电枢提供由磁极相位和转矩关系决定的正弦波电流。(3)高温超导体磁体固定在一个黄铜块上，该黄铜块与6W，20K冷却部件相连。黄铜宽可以容纳四个HTS散装磁铁。然而，由于成本的原因，目前只有两个高温超导磁体。( 关于我们 4)在低温恒温器的外部，块状物被夹在由铜制成的用于脉冲磁化的磁化线圈之间。磁化线圈可以很容易地安装和拆卸。通过向线圈提供脉冲电流来执行体磁化。低温恒温器外表面的最大磁通密度达到2.5T。可以估算出，在离恒温器3mm处的体表面的最大通量密度可以达到4.5T。(5)电枢线圈组件节圆直径为100mm。(6)进行了变速驱动试验和负载试验，并成功演示了变速驱动试验。(7)两极速度电动势出现严重畸变。在这种情况下，在1000rpm下可以获得0.5kW。如上面的（3）所述，可以构造一个4极场。完成了其三维有限元场分析。通过分析可知，转速电动势波形为畸变小的正弦波。在1000 rpm时可获得1.1kW的输出功率。少

A rotating-armature synchronous motor (200mm in diameter and 96mm in thickness) with HTS bulks as field magnets was designed, built and tested. (1) The trial machine is an axial-gap motor including a 23mm thickness cryostat with 2-ploe HTS bulk (46mm in diameter and 17mm in thickness) inside and two armatures. The armatures respectively include three armature coils (one per phase, 3-phase) 198-turn copper wire (8mm in diameter) fixing on back yoke. The cryostat was putted between two armatures with 1mm gap on each side. (2) The magnetic pole phase can be detected by encoder that is installed on the rotating axis. The sine wave current, which is decided by the relation of pole phase and torque, is supplied by inverter passing through brush and slip ring to armatures. (3) The HTS bulk magnets are fixed on a brass block broad which is attached to the 6W, 20K cooling part. The brass broad can hold four HTS bulk magnets. However, there are only two HTS bulk magnets for the costs shortage. ( … More 4) On the outside of the cryostat, bulks are putted between magnetization coils that are made of copper for pulse magnetization. The magnetization coils can be easily putted on and taken off. Bulk magnetization is performed by supplying the coils pulse current. The maximum flux density on the outside of cryostat reached 2.5T. It can be estimated that the maximum flux density of the bulk surface which is 3mm away from the cryostat can reach 4.5T. (5) The diameter of pitch circle of armature coil assembly is 100mm. (6) Variable speed drive test and load test were performed and the variable speed drive test was successfully demonstrated. (7) The speed electromotive force of two poles shows serious distortion. At this situation, 0.5kW at 1000rpm can be obtained. As mentioned in (3) of the superscription, a 4-pole field can be constructed. Its 3-D FEM field analysis was finished. According to the analysis, wave form of speed electromotive force is sine wave with small distortion. 1.1kW output at 1000rpm could be obtained. Less