Research on Compact High-efficiency Synchronous Machine for Ship Propulsion with HTS Bulks Field

设计、制造并测试了以高温超导体为磁场磁体的旋转电枢同步电机（直径200mm，厚度96mm）。(1)试验机为轴向间隙电机，包括一个23mm厚的低温恒温器，内部为2孔高温超导体（直径46mm，厚度17mm）和两个电枢。电枢分别包括三个电枢线圈（每相一个，三相）198匝铜线（直径8mm）固定在后轭上。低温恒温器放在两个电枢之间，两侧各有1mm的间隙。(2)通过安装在旋转轴上的编码器检测磁极相位。正弦波电流由极相和转矩的关系决定，由逆变器通过电刷和滑环提供给电枢。(3)高温超导体磁铁固定在黄铜块上，黄铜块与6W， 20K冷却部分相连。黄铜宽可以容纳四个高温超导体磁铁。然而，由于成本不足，目前只有两种高温超导体磁铁。在低温恒温器的外部，大块的材料被放置在由铜制成的磁化线圈之间，用于脉冲磁化。磁化线圈可以很容易地戴上和取下。体磁化是通过给线圈提供脉冲电流来实现的。低温恒温器外部最大磁通密度达到2.5T。可以估计，距离低温恒温器3mm处的体面最大通量密度可达4.5T。(5)电枢线圈组件节圆直径100mm。(6)进行了变速传动试验和负载试验，变速传动试验论证成功。(7)两极速度电动势出现严重畸变。在这种情况下，1000rpm可获得0.5kW。如上表(3)所述，可以构造一个四极场。对其进行了三维有限元场分析。经分析，速度电动势波形为正弦波，畸变较小。在1000rpm时可获得1.1kW的输出。少

A rotating-armature synchronous motor (200mm in diameter and 96mm in thickness) with HTS bulks as field magnets was designed, built and tested. (1) The trial machine is an axial-gap motor including a 23mm thickness cryostat with 2-ploe HTS bulk (46mm in diameter and 17mm in thickness) inside and two armatures. The armatures respectively include three armature coils (one per phase, 3-phase) 198-turn copper wire (8mm in diameter) fixing on back yoke. The cryostat was putted between two armatures with 1mm gap on each side. (2) The magnetic pole phase can be detected by encoder that is installed on the rotating axis. The sine wave current, which is decided by the relation of pole phase and torque, is supplied by inverter passing through brush and slip ring to armatures. (3) The HTS bulk magnets are fixed on a brass block broad which is attached to the 6W, 20K cooling part. The brass broad can hold four HTS bulk magnets. However, there are only two HTS bulk magnets for the costs shortage. ( … More 4) On the outside of the cryostat, bulks are putted between magnetization coils that are made of copper for pulse magnetization. The magnetization coils can be easily putted on and taken off. Bulk magnetization is performed by supplying the coils pulse current. The maximum flux density on the outside of cryostat reached 2.5T. It can be estimated that the maximum flux density of the bulk surface which is 3mm away from the cryostat can reach 4.5T. (5) The diameter of pitch circle of armature coil assembly is 100mm. (6) Variable speed drive test and load test were performed and the variable speed drive test was successfully demonstrated. (7) The speed electromotive force of two poles shows serious distortion. At this situation, 0.5kW at 1000rpm can be obtained. As mentioned in (3) of the superscription, a 4-pole field can be constructed. Its 3-D FEM field analysis was finished. According to the analysis, wave form of speed electromotive force is sine wave with small distortion. 1.1kW output at 1000rpm could be obtained. Less