权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Theoretical study of a role of evolution of intraspecific interactions in origination and maintenance of biodiversity

种内相互作用进化在生物多样性起源和维持中作用的理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
16570015
负责人：
YAMAUCHI Atsushi
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The studies of this project can be classified into two categories, macro-and microscopic studies about biodiversity. The first macroscopic study is a theoretical study of effect of defense evolution and optimal diet choice on population dynamics in one predator-two prey system. In this study, it was revealed that evolutionary and behavioral changes of the concerned species facilitate both stability of the system and coexistence of species. The second macroscopic study is an analysis of optimal phenology of annual plants under grazing pressure. This study indicated that the growth schedule of plant possibly varies, responding to interactions with herbivore animals. This provides basic information to understand properties of plant-herbivore interactions that are fundamental for the species diversity.On the other hand, the first study from the microscopic viewpoint is a study of gene transfer rate from mitochondria to nuclear. Mitochondria were originally free-living bacteria, which subse … More quently became an intracellular symbiont of eukaryote. I analyzed an evolutionary process, during which mitochondria have achieved tight mutualism with their hosts. This study included various suggestions for studies of establishments of mutualistic relationships that are essential component of biodiversity. The second microscopic study is an analysis of persistence condition of symmetric social hybridogenesis in ants. In this study, we analyzed genetic dynamics of alleles that controlled the caste determination in a certain ant species. The analysis clarified conditions for polymorphism of those alleles, which results in a co-presence of castes in a population, enabling a persistence of the system. Such a study of genetic dynamics of interacting alleles can be a basis of analyses of evolution of interacting species.According to these studies, it was clearly indicated that interactions among species were variable, accompanied by alternation of system properties, which can stabilize the behavior of system in some situations. Less

本项目的研究可分为宏观生物多样性研究和微观生物多样性研究。第一个宏观研究是从理论上研究防御进化和最优食物选择对一个捕食者-两个食饵系统种群动力学的影响。在这项研究中，它揭示了有关物种的进化和行为的变化，促进系统的稳定性和物种的共存。第二个宏观研究是分析放牧压力下一年生植物的最佳物候。这项研究表明，植物的生长时间表可能会发生变化，响应与草食动物的相互作用。这为理解植物-草食动物相互作用的性质提供了基本信息，而植物-草食动物相互作用是物种多样性的基础。另一方面，首次从微观角度研究了基因从线粒体向核的转移速率。线粒体最初是自由生活的细菌， ...更多信息成为真核生物的细胞内共生体。我分析了一个进化过程，在此过程中，线粒体与宿主实现了紧密的互利共生。这项研究包括各种建议的研究建立互惠关系的生物多样性的重要组成部分。第二个微观研究是对蚂蚁对称性社会杂交持续条件的分析。在这项研究中，我们分析了等位基因的遗传动力学控制的种姓决定在一定的蚂蚁物种。该分析澄清了这些等位基因多态性的条件，这导致了种姓在人口中的共存，使该系统的持久性。对互作等位基因遗传动力学的研究可以作为分析互作物种进化的基础，这些研究清楚地表明，物种间的相互作用是可变的，伴随着系统性质的改变，在某些情况下可以稳定系统的行为。少