Epidemiological elucidation of the pathogenesis of lifestyle-related disease and preventive measures in consideration of sex difference

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We found that lifestyle was significantly associated with health condition in Japanese men whose lifestyles were different from those of the occidentals. However, the association was not observed among Japanese women. The difference could be explained by the fact that women had more good lifestyles and more healthy condition than men. Multivariate analysis showed that taking care of eating habits were significantly and positively associated with health condition among men. In recent years, many people take interest in their own meal. Therefore, the intervention in eating habits may be effective in the improvement of health condition. However, the lifestyles which can be changed easily are differed among the individuals. Our results suggested that taking any health practice leads to good health condition. On the other hand, the relationship between healthy custom and health condition was not found among women. The age of 50 years-old was strongly related to female health condition. We should take measures against the lifestyle-related disease among postmenopausal women. As for this issue, we paid attention to adiponectin which is an adipocyte-derived plasma protein of 244 amino acids that has been discovered recently. Circulating adiponectin concentration is inversely correlated with body weight and the amount of fat mass, despite being solely derived from adipose tissue in humans. This inverse correlation has been suggested to be related to the origin of insulin resistance in obese subjects. Therefore, we evaluated the influence of menopausal status on the serum adiponectin concentration and investigate whether the contribution of adiponectin to insulin resistance is modified by menopausal status. The transition to menopause increases serum adiponectin concentrations. Moreover, adiponectin may play an important role in the development of an incipient insulin-resistant state after, rather than before, menopause.