Mesenchymal stem cells from various mesenchymal tissues : Comparison of the properties and application for cartilage regeneration

目标。比较从骨髓、滑膜、骨膜、骨骼肌和脂肪组织中分离的人间充质干细胞（MSCs）的特性。在膝关节韧带损伤手术中，从8个供体中获取人间充质组织。在胶原酶消化或梯度密度分离后，有核细胞以适当的密度被镀，使它们在没有菌落与菌落接触的情况下以最大速率膨胀。我们比较了骨髓、滑膜、骨膜、骨骼肌和脂肪组织间充质干细胞的产量、可扩展性、分化潜力和表位谱。骨髓中每个有核细胞的集落数比其他间充质组织低，每个集落的细胞数比其他间充质组织高。每14天进行一次低密度的细胞复制，骨髓、滑膜和骨膜来源的细胞即使在传代10时也保持了增殖能力。对于软骨形成，细胞被制成颗粒并在体外培养，显示来自骨髓、滑膜和骨膜的细胞的颗粒更大，软骨基质染色更广泛。特别是滑膜来源的细胞，具有最大的软骨形成能力。对于脂肪形成，油红o阳性集落率在滑膜和脂肪来源的细胞中较高。在成骨方面，茜素红阳性集落率在骨髓、肠系膜和骨膜来源的细胞中较高。表位谱测定了15种表面抗原，无论细胞来源如何，大多数抗原似乎相似。我们揭示了在供体和实验变异之外的细胞来源的特性上的显著差异。证实了滑膜作为细胞来源的优越性。

Objective. To compare the properties of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow, synovium, periosteum, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue.Methods. Human mesenchymal tissues were harvested from 8 donors during the knee operations for the ligament injury. After collagenase digestion or gradient density separation, nucleated cells were plated at a proper density so that they expanded at maximum rate without colony-to-colony contact. Yield, expandability, differentiation potential, and epitope profile were compared among MSCs from bone marrow, synovium, periosteum, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue.Results. Colony number per nucleated cells was lower and the cell number per colony was higher in the bone marrow than the other mesenchymal tissues. The cells were replated at low density every 14 days and bone marrow-, synovium-, and periosteum- derived cells retained their proliferation ability even at Passage 10. For chondrogenesis, the cells were pelleted and cultured in vitro, showing pellets from bone marrow-, synovium-, and periosteum- derived cells were larger and stained more extensively for cartilage matrix. Synovium-derived cells, in particular, had the greatest ability for chondrogenesis. For adipogenesis, Oil Red-O positive colony rate was higher in synovium- and adipose- derived cells. For osteogenesis, Alizarin Red positive colony rate was higher in bone marrow-, syovium-, and periosteum- derived cells. For epitope profile, 15 surface antigens were measured and the majority seemed similar irrespective of cell source.Conclusion. We revealed significant differences in the properties dependent on cell sources beyond donor and experimental variation. Superiority of synovium as cell source was demonstrated.