THE STUDY OF ORIGINAL STAGING IN THE ELIZABETHAN THEATRE

根据英国戏剧编年史《阿弗雷德·哈贝奇》，大约100部戏剧被按时间顺序进行了审查。借助于《文学作品》数字文本的搜索功能，我仔细地搜索了伦敦大英图书馆旧版和现代版上舞台的舞台说明；还查阅了日本关西国立国会图书馆在线早期英语图书数字传真形式的30多部戏剧。(1)本研究主要关注演员从主舞台到上舞台或从上舞台到主舞台所需的时间问题。时间可以通过移动过程中说出的行数来测量。我彻底检查了所有现存的1610年前的英语剧本，发现了100多个新的舞台指示，指示从较高的阶段上升/下降；我重新检查了我去年挑选的阶段指示，并更正了一些错误。通常，上升需要10到25行，下降需要5到10行。(2)正如东北大学的池川真理子早先观察到的那样，莎士比亚语料库中的许多情况都需要很短的时间，以至于演员不可能从一个舞台转移到另一个舞台。然而，如果我们不太严格地考虑舞台指导的位置，大多数问题似乎就解决了。在JC 5.3中平达鲁斯的案例中，我们可以假设他不是站在上层舞台上，而是站在后台。如果我们充分利用Q1文本，ROM3.5的症结也可以解决。

About 100 plays were examined in the chronological order based on Afred Harbage, Annals of English Drama. Helped by the search function of the digital texts of "Literature Onine", I carefully searched the stage directions referring to the upper stage in old quartos and modern editions in British Library in London; and also examined over 30 plays in the digital facsimile form of Early English Books Online in National Diet Library, Kansai, Japan.(1) The present research chiefly focuses on the problems of time actors are allowed to take to move from the main stage to the upper stage, or from the upper to the main stage. The time can be measured with the number of lines spoken during the movement. I thoroughly checked out all the extant English plays up to 1610, and found more than 100 new stage directions instructing ascent to / descent from the upper stage; I rechecked the stage directions I picked out last year and amended some errors, too. Usually ascent takes the time for 10-25 lines, and descent 5-10 lines.(2) As Mariko Ichikawa of Tohoku University earlier observed, many cases in Shakespeare's corpus require such short time that actors couldn't possibly move from one stage to the other. However, most of the problems seem to be resolved if we don't consider the positions of stage directions too strictly. In Pindarus's cases in JC 5.3, we may assume that he stands not on the upper stage, but upstage. The crux of ROM 3.5 could be also solved, if we make the best use of Q1 text.