On the readability and useful visual field of scrolling text

滚动文本是指在有限的空间内从右向左滚动文本的媒体。我们探索了表示的属性，以舒适地阅读滚动文本。主要发现可以总结如下：1）我们在查看窗口中制作了一个文本滚动。窗口的宽度从1到15个字符不等，观察者被要求调整滚动速度以舒适地阅读文本。最佳滚动速率随着窗口宽度的增加而迅速增加，最多可达5个字符。然后，增加的速度逐渐降低，到了15个字符的时候，几乎就持平了。放置在街道上的设备的滚动速度被发现比目前的结果慢两倍。2）我们操纵了字符的数量（2，5和15）和滚动速度（基于初步实验，最佳，比最佳速度快两倍和慢两倍）。观察者根据14个项目采用7分制量表对他们的印象进行评价。5和15个字符数的条件给观察者留下了类似的印象。此外，在所有字符数条件下，较快的呈现被评价为“难以理解”，较慢的呈现被评价为“令人恼火”。3）我们简要地在观察窗口的左、中或右角上方或下方呈现平假名字符。观察者被要求忽略或区分平假名字符，同时调整滚动速度以舒适地阅读文本。当平假名字符被呈现在查看窗口的右上角或右下角时，滚动速率明显慢于当平假名字符被呈现在其他位置时。这表明，当观察者阅读滚动文本时，有用视野广泛分布在观察窗的右侧。

Scrolling text refers to the media in which text is scrolling from right to left in a limited space. We explored the properties of presentation to read scrolling text comfortably. The primary findings could be summarized as follows.1) We made a text scroll in a viewing window. The width of the window was varied from 1 to 15 characters, and observers were asked to adjust a scrolling rate to read the text comfortably. Optimal scrolling rate is increased rapidly with the increase of the window width up to 5 characters. Then the rate of increase gradually reduced and almost leveled off up to 15 characters. The scrolling rate of devices placed on the streets was found two times slower than the present results.2) We manipulated the number of characters (2,5,and 15) and scrolling rate (based on the preliminary experiments, optimal, two times faster and two times slower than the optimal rate). Observers were asked to evaluate their impressions according to 14 items by using a 7-point scale. The 5 and 15 characters-number conditions impressed the observers similarly. Moreover, in all characters-number conditions, faster presentations were evaluated as "hard to apprehend" and slower presentations as "irritating".3) We briefly presented a Hiragana character above or below the left, center, or right corner of the viewing window. Observers were asked to ignore or discriminate the Hiragana character, while adjusting scrolling rate to read the text comfortably. When the Hiragana character was presented above or below the right corner of the viewing window, scrolling rate was significantly slower than when the Hiragana character was presented at the other positions. This indicates that useful visual field is distributed widely on the right side of the viewing window when observers are reading a scrolling text.