Experimental study on binocular interaction using the pupillary response as an objective probe

本研究的目的是利用瞳孔反应作为客观探针来研究双眼相互作用。本研究还进行了额外的心理物理调查，以阐明双眼相互作用的视觉机制。【瞳孔测量研究】瞳孔测量研究的重点是研究永久性抑制所产生的眼间抑制。永久抑制是指通过向一只眼睛呈现高对比度光栅而向另一只眼睛呈现空间均匀场而产生的稳定抑制。结果表明，在持续抑制下，瞳孔对亮度和颜色变化的响应明显减弱。在很宽的测试对比度范围内观察到响应的衰减。此外，反应潜伏期分析表明，瞳孔对亮度变化的反应是由皮层下通路介导的，而对颜色变化的反应则是由皮层通路介导的。总之，目前的研究结果表明，瞳孔反应可以是一个非常有用的客观探头来研究双眼相互作用。此外，在永久性抑制期间对亮度变化的反应衰减意味着眼间抑制对皮层下和皮层视觉加工产生不利影响。[心理物理调查]心理物理研究调查了双眼竞争中的可见性调节（VM）。VM是指在闪现之前出现某种刺激后，一种竞争性闪现被明显抑制，而另一种则成为主导的现象。当使用颜色和亮度闪光来研究VM时，VM以眼睛特异性和刺激特异性的方式发生，这取决于刺激的时间参数。然而，使用空间模式的调查显示，VM主要是刺激特异性的。这些发现表明，双眼输入的优势和抑制在不同的模式下由颜色和图案刺激决定。少

The purpose of this study was to investigate binocular interaction using the pupillary response as an objective probe. The present study also conducted additional psychophysical investigations to elucidate visual mechanisms underlying binocular interaction.[The pupillometric investigation] The pupillometric study focused on investigating interocular suppression produced by permanent suppression. Permanent suppression refers to a stable suppression which can be produced by presenting a high-contrast grating to one eye and a spatially homogeneous field to the other eye. The results showed that the pupillary responses to luminance as well as color changes were clearly attenuated during permanent suppression. The attenuation of the response was observed over a wide range of test contrast. Moreover, the analysis of response latency suggested that the pupillary response to luminance changes is mediated by the subcortical pathway, whereas the response to chromatic changes reflects the contrib … More ution of cortical pathways. Overall, the present findings indicate that the pupillary response can be a very useful objective probe to investigate binocular interaction. Furthermore, the attenuation of the response to luminance changes during permanent suppression implies that interocular suppression adversely affects subcortical as well as cortical visual processing.[The psychophysical investigation] The psychophysical study investigated visibility modulation (VM) during binocular rivalry. The VM refers to the phenomenon in which one of rivalrous flashes is phenomenally suppressed and the other becomes dominant after a certain stimulus was presented prior to the flashes. When the VM was investigated using color and luminance flashes, VM occurred in an eye-specific as well as stimulus-specific fashion depending upon temporal parameters of the stimuli. However, the investigation using spatial patterns revealed that the VM was predominantly stimulus-specific. These findings suggest that dominance and suppression of binocular inputs are determined in distinct fashions for color and pattern stimuli. Less