Experimental study on binocular interaction using the pupillary response as an objective probe

这项研究的目的是以瞳孔反应为客观探针来研究双眼的相互作用。本研究还进行了额外的心理物理调查，以阐明双眼相互作用的视觉机制。[斜视测量研究]斜视测量研究侧重于研究永久性抑制所产生的眼间抑制。永久抑制是指通过向一只眼睛呈现高对比度的光栅，向另一只眼睛呈现空间均匀的场来产生稳定的抑制。结果表明，在永久性抑制过程中，瞳孔对亮度和颜色变化的反应明显减弱。在大范围的测试对比中观察到了响应的衰减。此外，对反应潜伏期的分析表明，瞳孔对亮度变化的反应是通过皮质下通路进行的，而对颜色变化的反应则反映了…更多的是皮质通路的损害。总体而言，目前的发现表明，瞳孔反应可以成为研究双眼相互作用的一个非常有用的客观探针。此外，永久性抑制期间对亮度变化的反应的减弱表明，眼间抑制对皮质下和皮质下的视觉处理有不利影响。[心理物理学调查]心理物理学研究调查了双眼竞争过程中的能见度调制(Vm)。Vm指的是一种现象，在这种现象中，一个对抗性的闪光被现象地抑制，而另一个在闪光之前被提供一定的刺激后变得主导。当使用颜色和亮度闪光来研究VM时，取决于刺激的时间参数，VM以眼睛特定的方式和刺激特定的方式发生。然而，使用空间模式的研究表明，VM主要是刺激专一性的。这些发现表明，双眼输入的优势和抑制以不同的方式决定于颜色和图案刺激。较少

The purpose of this study was to investigate binocular interaction using the pupillary response as an objective probe. The present study also conducted additional psychophysical investigations to elucidate visual mechanisms underlying binocular interaction.[The pupillometric investigation] The pupillometric study focused on investigating interocular suppression produced by permanent suppression. Permanent suppression refers to a stable suppression which can be produced by presenting a high-contrast grating to one eye and a spatially homogeneous field to the other eye. The results showed that the pupillary responses to luminance as well as color changes were clearly attenuated during permanent suppression. The attenuation of the response was observed over a wide range of test contrast. Moreover, the analysis of response latency suggested that the pupillary response to luminance changes is mediated by the subcortical pathway, whereas the response to chromatic changes reflects the contrib … More ution of cortical pathways. Overall, the present findings indicate that the pupillary response can be a very useful objective probe to investigate binocular interaction. Furthermore, the attenuation of the response to luminance changes during permanent suppression implies that interocular suppression adversely affects subcortical as well as cortical visual processing.[The psychophysical investigation] The psychophysical study investigated visibility modulation (VM) during binocular rivalry. The VM refers to the phenomenon in which one of rivalrous flashes is phenomenally suppressed and the other becomes dominant after a certain stimulus was presented prior to the flashes. When the VM was investigated using color and luminance flashes, VM occurred in an eye-specific as well as stimulus-specific fashion depending upon temporal parameters of the stimuli. However, the investigation using spatial patterns revealed that the VM was predominantly stimulus-specific. These findings suggest that dominance and suppression of binocular inputs are determined in distinct fashions for color and pattern stimuli. Less