A Research on the Problems of Education and the Process and Requirement for the Development of Teacher Professionalism in this modern society

现代社会教育问题与教师专业化发展的过程与要求研究当今，教育问题（“欺凌”、“课堂乱象”、“缺勤”）层出不穷。教师的角色扩展到承担新问题和强制命令。如今，日本的许多教师发现教学很困难。我们看到教师的职业倦怠程度更高。随着同事士气的下降，年轻教师担心他们可能会犯错误。在这种情况下，教师和教育工作者必须重新思考教育是什么，学校是为了什么，什么是教学专业化。他们必须检查和重新设计结构和实践。因此，本研究旨在关注现代社会教师专业化发展的过程和要求。研究结果表明：(1)许多青年教师认为教师职业适合他们的个性。另一方面，他们很累，感到负担过重。此外，他们不确定哪些知识和技能与他们的学生相关。教师需要一种新的教学方法和一种新的理解孩子的方法。对于研究结果，本研究调查了以下两篇论文。首先，因为年轻教师需要一种新的教学方法和一种新的理解孩子的方式，我们应该如何看待日本的初任和在职教师教育？其次，研究注意到芬兰教育改革的进展和成果，因为改革赋予了教师教学的自由裁量权，重构了教师教育中的教学专业性。通过对芬兰案例的描述，研究表明更高的教学专业性需要对课堂上发生的事情进行反思的能力和与同事合作的能力。

A Research on the Problems of Education and the Process and Requirement for the Development of Teacher Professionalism in this modern societyNowadays, the problems of education ("bullying", "disorder in the classroom" and "non-school attendance") keep piling up. The teacher's role expands to take on new problem and imperative mandates. Many teachers in Japan find teaching difficult today. We see higher level of teacher's burnout. With the decline of morale of the colleagues, young teachers are afraid that they might make mistakes. Under that situation, teachers and educators must rethink what education is, what schools are for and what teaching professionalism is. And they must examine and rework the structures and practices. So this research aimed to focus the process and requirement for the development of teacher professionalism in this modern society. The results of the research are as follows :(1)Many young teachers find the teaching profession suitable to their personality.(2)On the other hand, they are tired and feel overloaded.(3)Furthermore they are uncertain about what kind of knowledge and skills are relevant to their pupils.(4)Teachers need a new method of teaching and a new way of child-understanding.For the results, this research investigated two following theses.First, because young teachers need a new method of teaching and a new way of child-understanding, what we should think about initial and in-service teacher education in Japan. And secondly, the research noticed the progress and outcome of educational reform in Finland because that reform gave teachers discretion for teaching and reconstructed teaching professionalism in the teacher education. Through description Finnish case, the research showed that higher teaching professionalism needed the ability of reflection on what happened in the class and the ability of collaboration with colleagues.