A Research on the Problems of Education and the Process and Requirement for the Development of Teacher Professionalism in this modern society

现代社会教育问题与教师专业发展进程与要求研究当今社会，教育问题(“欺凌”、“课堂失序”、“失学”)层出不穷。教师的角色扩展到承担新的问题和紧迫的任务。如今，日本的许多教师发现教书很难。我们看到教师的职业倦怠程度更高。随着同事们士气的低落，年轻的教师们害怕自己会犯错。在这种情况下，教师和教育工作者必须重新思考教育是什么，学校是为了什么，教师专业化是什么。他们必须对结构和做法进行检查和重新设计。因此，本研究旨在探讨现代社会对教师专业化发展的过程和要求。研究结果如下：(1)许多年轻教师认为教师职业适合自己的个性。(2)另一方面，他们感到疲惫和超负荷。(3)他们不确定哪些知识和技能与他们的学生相关。(4)教师需要新的教学方法和新的儿童理解方式。为此，本研究调查了以下两个方面。第一，由于年轻教师需要新的教学方法和新的儿童理解方式，我们应该如何看待日本的初始和在职教师教育。其次，本研究注意到芬兰教育改革的进展和结果，因为改革赋予了教师教学自主权，重建了教师教育中的教学专业性。通过对芬兰案例的描述，研究表明，更高的教师专业素养需要对课堂上发生的事情进行反思的能力，以及与同事合作的能力。

A Research on the Problems of Education and the Process and Requirement for the Development of Teacher Professionalism in this modern societyNowadays, the problems of education ("bullying", "disorder in the classroom" and "non-school attendance") keep piling up. The teacher's role expands to take on new problem and imperative mandates. Many teachers in Japan find teaching difficult today. We see higher level of teacher's burnout. With the decline of morale of the colleagues, young teachers are afraid that they might make mistakes. Under that situation, teachers and educators must rethink what education is, what schools are for and what teaching professionalism is. And they must examine and rework the structures and practices. So this research aimed to focus the process and requirement for the development of teacher professionalism in this modern society. The results of the research are as follows :(1)Many young teachers find the teaching profession suitable to their personality.(2)On the other hand, they are tired and feel overloaded.(3)Furthermore they are uncertain about what kind of knowledge and skills are relevant to their pupils.(4)Teachers need a new method of teaching and a new way of child-understanding.For the results, this research investigated two following theses.First, because young teachers need a new method of teaching and a new way of child-understanding, what we should think about initial and in-service teacher education in Japan. And secondly, the research noticed the progress and outcome of educational reform in Finland because that reform gave teachers discretion for teaching and reconstructed teaching professionalism in the teacher education. Through description Finnish case, the research showed that higher teaching professionalism needed the ability of reflection on what happened in the class and the ability of collaboration with colleagues.