A study on the defense mechanisms against acorn tannins in the Japanese wood mouse Apodemus speciosus

日本林鼠黑线姬鼠对橡子单宁的防御机制研究

• 批准号: 17570027
• 负责人: SHIMADA Takuya
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17570027/
• 关键词: tannin; acorn; tannin-binding protein; tannase-producing bacteria; animal-plant interaction; acclimation; defense mechanism against tannins; seed dispersal; 動物-植物相互作用; コナラ属; アカネズミ; タンナーゼ産生腸内細菌

Acorns (seeds of oak trees) are staple resource for forest-dwelling wildlife, but they contain high level of tannins and cause negative effects on consumers, such as injury on gastrointestinal tract and lever and kidney failure. In order to elucidate the defense mechanisms against tannins in the Japanese wood mouse Apodemus speciosus, which heavily rely on acorns during fall and winter, we investigated the role of physiological acclimation against tannins and selective foraging decreasing tannin intake.First, we allocated 26 wood mice into two groups: the acclimated group and the non-acclimated group. Of the 14 mice in the non-acclimated group, 8 died, whereas only 1 of the 12 mice in the acclimated group died. Mean body weight change was -17.9‰ in the non-acclimated group and -2.5% in the acclimated group. Food intake, dry matter digestibility, and nitrogen digestibility were much higher in the acclimated group than in the non-acclimated group. These results indicate that wood mice can mitigate the negative effects of tannins by acclimation. Path analysis revealed that increased secretion of tannin-binding salivary proteins (TBSPs) and abundance of tannase-producing enterobacteria (TPB) may be main elements of the mechanism of acclimation to tannins.Second, we examined the selective foraging against tannins by the wood mouse and revealed that wood mice can selectively consume acorns with low tannin content and avoid ones with high tannin content.These findings indicate that the wood mouse can consume tannin-rich acorns effectively with these physiological and behavioral defense mechanisms against tannins.

橡子(橡树种子)是森林野生动物的主要资源，但其单宁含量较高，对消费者造成胃肠道损伤、杠杆和肾功能衰竭等不良影响。为了阐明日本木鼠对秋冬季严重依赖橡子的黑线姬鼠对单宁的防御机制，我们研究了对单宁的生理驯化和选择性觅食降低单宁摄入量的作用。首先，我们将26只木鼠分为两组：驯化组和未驯化组。在未习服组的14只小鼠中，有8只死亡，而习服组的12只小鼠中只有1只死亡。平均体重变化非习服组为-17.9‰，习服组为-2.5%。习服组的摄食量、干物质消化率和氮消化率显著高于非习服组。这些结果表明，木质小鼠可以通过驯化减轻单宁的负面影响。通径分析表明，单宁结合唾液蛋白(TBSP)的分泌增加和产单宁酶肠杆菌(TPB)的丰富可能是单宁习服的主要因素。其次，我们考察了木鼠对单宁的选择性觅食，发现木鼠可以选择性地摄取单宁含量低的橡子，而不吃单宁含量高的橡子。这些发现表明，通过这些针对单宁的生理和行为防御机制，木鼠可以有效地食用富含单宁的橡子。

项目成果

Lactobacillus apodemi sp. nov.,m a new tannase producing Lactobacillus species isolated from wild mouse feces

乳杆菌 apodemi sp.

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 56
• 作者: Osawa;R.
• 通讯作者: R.

Re-evaluation of the relationship between rodent populations and acorn masting : a rebiew from the aspect of nutrients and defensive chemicals in acorns

啮齿类动物种群与橡子肥大关系的重新评估：从橡子中营养物质和防御化学物质的角度进行重新审视

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Population Ecology 478(4)
• 作者: Shimada;T.
• 通讯作者: T.

Salivary proteins as defense against dietary tannins

唾液蛋白可防御膳食单宁

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Journal of Chemical Ecology 32(6)
• 作者: Shimada;T.
• 通讯作者: T.

Re-evaluation of the relationship between rodent populations and acorn masting: a review from the aspect of nutrients and defensive chemicals in acorns

• DOI: 10.1007/s10144-006-0012-6
• 发表时间: 2006-09
• 期刊: Population Ecology
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: T. Shimada;T. Saitoh

The role of tannin-binding salivary proteins and tannase-producing bacteria in the acclimation of the Japanese wood mouse to acorn tannins

单宁结合唾液蛋白和单宁酶产生细菌在日本林鼠适应橡子单宁中的作用

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Journal of Chemical Ecology (In press)
• 作者: Shimada;T.
• 通讯作者: T.