权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Diversification process of high mountain oaks with uplift of Himalayas and Quaternary climatic changes

喜马拉雅山隆升和第四纪气候变化高山橡树的多样化过程

基本信息

批准号：
17570071
负责人：
MOMOHARA Arata
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17570071/
关键词：
Evolution Climatic change Quercus Quaternary Himalayas Phytogeography 進化植物化石

项目摘要

The aim of the present research is to clarify the process of the evolution and development of Quercus sect. Heterobalanus (Fagaceae) that dominates in alpine vegetation in and around Himalayas and is considered to have evolved accompanied with uplift of Himalayas. We obtained plant macrofossil assemblages including Quercus sect. Heterobalanus from the Kathmandu, Nepal and southwestern Yunnan by sieving sediments to reconstruct paleovegetation with the paleoenvironments based on composition of the fossil assemblages. We collaborated with Dr. Zhou ZK. in the Yunnan Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica for identification of fossils with the discussion. We collected geological data as for climatic fluctuation in the Plio-Pleistocene in East Asia with data of plant macrofossil assemblages from the Uonuma Group in central Japan to produce paleoclimatic curve since 2.4Ma. We compared plant macrofossil data including Quercus sect. Hetelobalanus in and around Himalayas with the paleoclimatic data in and around Japan. In the fossil assemblages form Nepal and southwest China, fossils of Quercus sect. Hetelobalanus occur with Picea and Abies that indicate cold climate. This shows that this section expanded the distribution in the glacial stages since the late Pliocene and was confined in higher altitudes in the interglacial stages. A fossil assemblage from southwestern Yunnan Province described by Momohara et al. (2006) indicated that the forest zone of subalpine evergreen conifer and alpine Hetelobalanus vegetation was distributed in the altitude about 1000m lower than extant elevation in a late Pliocene cold stage. Thus, the vegetation zones migarate about 1000 m vertically with the glacial-interglacial climatic cycles since the late Pliocene not only in the middle latitudes including Japan but also in alpine areas in lower latitude including Himalayas and southern China and it enhanced the expansion and speciation of Quercus sect. Heterobalanus since the late Cenozoic.

本研究的目的是阐明栎组Heterobalanus（壳斗科）的进化和发展的过程中，占主导地位的高山植被在喜马拉雅山和周围，被认为是随着喜马拉雅山的隆升而演变。通过对沉积物的筛分，获得了加德满都、尼泊尔和云南西南部地区的植物宏体化石组合，包括栎组（Quercus sect. Heterobalanus）。我们与Zhou ZK博士合作。在云南植物研究所，中央研究院的化石鉴定与讨论。利用日本中部上沼群的植物宏体化石组合资料，收集了东亚地区上新世-更新世气候波动的地质资料，绘制了2.4Ma以来的古气候曲线。我们比较了植物宏化石数据，包括栎组Hetelobalanus在喜马拉雅山脉和周围的古气候数据在日本和周围。在尼泊尔和中国西南地区的化石组合中，栎属异齿栎组（Quercus sect. Hetelobalanus）的化石与云杉属（Picea）和冷杉属（Abies）的化石一起出现，表明气候寒冷。这表明该剖面在晚上新世以来的冰期扩大了分布，而在间冰期局限于较高的海拔。Momohara et al.（2006）描述的云南西南部的化石组合表明，在上新世晚期寒冷阶段，亚高山万年青针叶林和高山异齿栎植被的森林带分布在海拔低于现存海拔约1000 m的地区。因此，上新世晚期以来，不仅包括日本在内的中纬度地区，而且包括喜马拉雅山和中国南方在内的低纬度高山地区的植被带随着冰期-间冰期的气候旋回垂直迁移了约1000 m，这促进了晚新生代以来栎属异藤栎组的扩张和物种形成。