Identification of fish larvae collected from Tokyo Bay based on genetic biology

基于遗传生物学的东京湾鱼类幼体鉴定

• 批准号: 17580161
• 负责人: KOHNO Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 1.86万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17580161/
• 关键词: larvae and juveniles; taxonomy; Tokyo Bay; gene biology; morphology; Yellowfin goby; Acanthogobius

Larvae of two gobiids, Acanthogobius flavimanus and A. lactipes, distributed and abundant in the inner part of Tokyo Bay, are difficult to be identified by their morphological characters ; however, they are distinguished each other by their occurrence seasons, the former occurring in Spring and the latter in Summer. Therefore, in this study, larvae of both the species were tried to be identified by the genetic characters.Adult fish and larvae/juveniles were collected from the inner part of Tokyo Bay. The adults were identified by their morphological characters. Furthermore, their cytochrome b gene of mitochondrial DNA, amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), was analyzed by RFLP method, and the nucleotide sequences were obtained.The larvae were, on the other hand, divided into two types, Type A occurred in Spring and Type B in Summer, and the same genetic analyses were done as in the adults. Consequently, 99.9% of nucleotide sequences of these larvae were matched with those of A. flavimanus and A. lactipes, respectively; therefore, Type A and B larvae were identified to be the respective species. Detailed study on morphology, especially melanophore distribution of these larvae, revealed that the distribution patterns of melanophores on the isthmus and lateral part of body were different between these two species.The methods performed in this study such as larval collection, larval identification by genetic characters and detailed morphological studies of larvae can be applied widely to the field of larval taxonomy.

本文报道了黄手刺虎鱼Acanthogobius flavimanus和黄手刺虎鱼A.乳足类在东京湾内分布丰富，形态特征难以鉴别，但其发生季节不同，前者发生于春季，后者发生于夏季。因此，在本研究中，这两个物种的幼虫试图通过遗传特征进行鉴定。成鱼和仔/稚鱼收集自东京湾的内部。根据形态特征鉴定成虫。用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增线粒体DNA的细胞色素B基因，并进行限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）分析，获得其核苷酸序列，将其分为春季发生的A型和夏季发生的B型两种类型，并进行了与成虫相同的遗传分析。结果表明，这些幼虫的核苷酸序列与A. flavimanus和A.因此，A型和B型幼虫被确定为各自的种属。通过对两种幼虫的形态学特征，特别是黑色素细胞分布的研究，发现黑色素细胞在两种幼虫的峡部和侧部的分布模式不同，本研究所采用的幼虫采集、幼虫遗传特征鉴定和幼虫形态学研究等方法可广泛应用于幼虫的分类研究。