Effects of pre-warming and aging on the core and peripheral temperatures

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The volunteers' height was 169 ± 7 (162-177) cm, total body mass (TBM) 65 ± 12 (55-85) kg, and age 33 ± 4 (27-36) yr. The lean body mass (LBM) was 52 ± 7 (45-64) kg as determined from height (cm) and TBM (kg) using a formula ; LBM = (1.10TBM)-128(TBM/height)^2. Basal surface area was 1.8±0.2 (1.6-2.1) m2. Sedation scores 30 minutes after administration of midazolam in volunteers with midazolam premedication (0.075 mg kg^<-1>, with or without forced-air warming) were significantly lower than those without intramuscular midazolam administration.Tympanic membrane temperature (T_<tym>) of the group with forced-air warming + midazolam decreased until 20 min after i.m. midazolam, however afterwards it increased significantly compared with T_<tym> of the group with midazolam i.m. without warming. Forearm minus finger tip and calf minus toe, skin-temperature gradients did not differ significantly among the three groups. Mean skin temperatures of 30 min after midazolam intramuscular administration in the group with i.m. midazolam was significantly lower than those in the other two groups.In conclusion, we can conclude that forced-air warming after premedication with midazolam is important to prevent anaesthesia-induced redistribution hypothermia.