Research Project Core

研究项目核心

• 批准号: 10835434
• 负责人: Usama Bilal
• 金额: $ 36.19万
• 依托单位: DREXEL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-25 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10835434
• 关键词: Age; Americas; Area; Automobile Driving; Biometry; Brazil; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Child; Cities; Collaborations; Country; Crowding; Data; Development; Disease; Disparity; Economics; Education; Elderly; Environment; Equity; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Frequencies; Future; Gender; Goals; Green space; Guatemala; Health; Health Disparities Research; Heterogeneity; Household; Individual; Inequality; Inequity; Latin America; Latina; Measurement; Modification; Neighborhoods; Panama; Pattern; Philadelphia; Policies; Policy Maker; Population Density; Predisposition; Race; Reduce health disparities; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Project Summaries; Resources; Social Environment; Subgroup; Temperature; Training; Translations; Universities; Urban Developments; Urban Health; Urban Population; Urbanization; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; aging population; built environment; climate adaptation; climate change; climate impact; climate-related health; community engagement; comparative; data infrastructure; ethnic minority; extreme heat; extreme temperature; health disparity; health equity; health inequalities; heat island; high risk; high risk population; improved; interest; low socioeconomic status; method development; mortality; neighborhood association; novel strategies; outcome disparities; racial minority; residential segregation; segregation; social; statistics; urban planning

SUMMARY – RESEARCH PROJECT This project will characterize intra-urban inequities in the effects of extreme heat on mortality and examine individual-level and neighborhood factors associated with these inequities in five cities of the Americas, one of the most urbanized and unequal regions of the world. Understanding these inequities is critical for the development of urban policies and practices aimed at reducing the inequitable impacts of climate change in diverse urban populations. The combination of high levels of urbanization and associated heat island effect, an aging population, and extreme levels of inequality and economic and racial residential segregation makes urban populations in the region particularly susceptible to the effects of climate change. However intra-urban inequities associated with neighborhood and individual-level characteristics have not been systematically examined across multiple settings. A better understanding of how inequities in the impacts of heat on health vary across cities and countries is critical to adaptation policies and strategies and for targeting of resources. The overall goal of this project is to conduct policy-relevant climate change and health research across multiple countries in the Americas by studying inequities in the impact of extreme heat in five cities in four countries: Philadelphia (USA), São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Guatemala City (Guatemala), and Panama City (Panama). We will investigate both neighborhood and individual-level factors and disentangle equity impacts of differential exposure to heat and differential effects of heat using a novel approach we will develop in collaboration with the Research and Capacity Building Core. We will leverage expertise on health disparities, biostatistics, urban planning, and policy translation at the Drexel Urban Health Collaborative (UHC) and our partners in this project (UC Berkeley, INCAP, and University of São Paulo). We will accomplish the following aims: 1) estimate intra-city heterogeneity in the temperature-mortality association; 2) investigate associations of neighborhood social, built, and natural environment factors with differential heat impacts on mortality; and 3) study the differential impact of heat on mortality by age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education. We will contribute to the data infrastructure created by the Administrative Core, advance methods development and training in partnership with the Research Capacity Building Core, and coordinate engagement of policymakers with the Community Engagement Core. Specifically, we will develop dissemination and engagement strategies using the results of our research projects that will influence policy in the cities of interest but also inform future dissemination and engagement efforts. In addition, through this project we will refine an approach to between- and within- city analysis from multiple countries, and conduct cross-country multi-city comparative analyses that can be leveraged and expanded to multiple cities across Latin America and the US in future work of the Drexel Climate Change and Urban Health Research Center.

摘要-研究项目 该项目将描述城市内极端高温对死亡率影响的不平等现象， 在美洲的五个城市中，与这些不平等相关的个人水平和邻里因素， 世界上最城市化和最不平等的地区。了解这些不平等现象对于 制定城市政策和做法，以减少气候变化对城市的不公平影响， 不同的城市人口。高水平的城市化和相关的热岛效应， 人口老龄化、极端的不平等以及经济和种族居住隔离， 本区域的城市人口特别容易受到气候变化的影响。然而，城市内部 与邻里和个人层面的特征相关的不公平现象尚未得到系统的 在多个环境中进行检查。更好地了解热量对健康影响的不公平性 不同城市和国家之间的差异对于适应政策和战略以及资源的定向至关重要。 该项目的总体目标是在多个国家开展与政策相关的气候变化和健康研究。 通过研究四个城市中五个城市极端高温影响的不公平性， 国家：费城（美国）、圣保罗和里约热内卢（巴西）、危地马拉城（危地马拉），以及 巴拿马城（巴拿马）。我们将调查邻里和个人层面的因素， 公平的影响差异暴露于热和热的差异影响使用一种新的方法，我们将 与研究和能力建设核心合作开发。我们将利用卫生方面的专业知识， 差距，生物统计，城市规划，并在德雷克塞尔城市健康合作（UHC）的政策翻译 以及我们在这个项目中的合作伙伴（加州大学伯克利分校，INCAP和圣保罗大学）。我们将实现 以下目的：1）估计温度-死亡率关联的城市内异质性; 2）调查 邻里社会、建筑和自然环境因素与不同热量影响的关联， 死亡率;和3）研究热对年龄，性别，种族/民族和教育的死亡率的差异影响。 我们将为行政核心创建的数据基础设施做出贡献，推进方法开发 与研究能力建设核心合作进行培训，并协调 社区参与核心的决策者。具体而言，我们将发展传播和 参与战略，利用我们的研究项目的结果，这将影响城市的政策， 而且还为今后的传播和参与工作提供信息。此外，通过该项目，我们将 完善多个国家城市间和城市内分析的方法， 多城市比较分析，可以利用和扩展到拉丁美洲的多个城市 德雷克塞尔气候变化和城市健康研究中心的未来工作。