Research Project Core

总结--研究项目 该项目将描述极端高温对死亡率的影响中城市内部的不平等现象，并研究 在美洲的五个城市中，与这些不平等有关的个人层面和社区因素是 世界上城市化程度最高、最不平等的地区。了解这些不平等对于 制定旨在减少气候变化不公平影响的城市政策和做法 多样化的城市人口。高水平的城市化和相关的热岛效应相结合，以及 人口老龄化、极端程度的不平等以及经济和种族居住隔离使 该区域的城市人口特别容易受到气候变化的影响。然而，在市内 与邻里和个人层面特征相关的不平等现象尚未得到系统研究 已跨多个设置进行检查。更好地了解高温不平等对健康的影响 不同城市和国家之间的差异对于适应政策和战略以及确定资源目标至关重要。 该项目的总体目标是在多个领域开展与政策相关的气候变化和健康研究 美洲国家通过研究四个城市中五个城市极端高温影响的不平等 国家：费城(美国)、S、圣保罗和里约热内卢(巴西)、危地马拉城(危地马拉)和 巴拿马城(巴拿马)。我们将同时调查邻里和个人层面的因素，并理清 不同热暴露的股票影响和热的不同影响使用一种新的方法，我们将 与研究和能力建设核心合作开发。我们将利用卫生方面的专业知识 德雷克塞尔城市健康合作中心(UHC)的差异、生物统计学、城市规划和政策转换 以及我们在这个项目中的合作伙伴(加州大学伯克利分校、INCAP和S大学)。我们将完成 以下目标：1)评估温度-死亡率关联中的城市内部异质性；2)调查 社区社会、建筑和自然环境因素与不同的热影响之间的关系 3)研究不同年龄、性别、种族/民族和教育程度的高温对死亡率的不同影响。 我们将为行政核心创建的数据基础设施、高级方法开发做出贡献 与研究能力建设核心伙伴关系和培训，并协调 社区参与核心的政策制定者。具体地说，我们将发展传播和 使用我们的研究项目结果的参与战略，这些项目将影响城市的政策 这不仅有助于提高人们的兴趣，还能为今后的传播和参与工作提供信息。此外，通过这个项目，我们将 完善来自多个国家/地区的城市间和城市内部分析方法，并进行跨国分析 可利用并扩展到拉丁美洲多个城市的多城市比较分析 和美国在德雷克塞尔气候变化和城市健康研究中心未来的工作中。

SUMMARY – RESEARCH PROJECT This project will characterize intra-urban inequities in the effects of extreme heat on mortality and examine individual-level and neighborhood factors associated with these inequities in five cities of the Americas, one of the most urbanized and unequal regions of the world. Understanding these inequities is critical for the development of urban policies and practices aimed at reducing the inequitable impacts of climate change in diverse urban populations. The combination of high levels of urbanization and associated heat island effect, an aging population, and extreme levels of inequality and economic and racial residential segregation makes urban populations in the region particularly susceptible to the effects of climate change. However intra-urban inequities associated with neighborhood and individual-level characteristics have not been systematically examined across multiple settings. A better understanding of how inequities in the impacts of heat on health vary across cities and countries is critical to adaptation policies and strategies and for targeting of resources. The overall goal of this project is to conduct policy-relevant climate change and health research across multiple countries in the Americas by studying inequities in the impact of extreme heat in five cities in four countries: Philadelphia (USA), São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Guatemala City (Guatemala), and Panama City (Panama). We will investigate both neighborhood and individual-level factors and disentangle equity impacts of differential exposure to heat and differential effects of heat using a novel approach we will develop in collaboration with the Research and Capacity Building Core. We will leverage expertise on health disparities, biostatistics, urban planning, and policy translation at the Drexel Urban Health Collaborative (UHC) and our partners in this project (UC Berkeley, INCAP, and University of São Paulo). We will accomplish the following aims: 1) estimate intra-city heterogeneity in the temperature-mortality association; 2) investigate associations of neighborhood social, built, and natural environment factors with differential heat impacts on mortality; and 3) study the differential impact of heat on mortality by age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education. We will contribute to the data infrastructure created by the Administrative Core, advance methods development and training in partnership with the Research Capacity Building Core, and coordinate engagement of policymakers with the Community Engagement Core. Specifically, we will develop dissemination and engagement strategies using the results of our research projects that will influence policy in the cities of interest but also inform future dissemination and engagement efforts. In addition, through this project we will refine an approach to between- and within- city analysis from multiple countries, and conduct cross-country multi-city comparative analyses that can be leveraged and expanded to multiple cities across Latin America and the US in future work of the Drexel Climate Change and Urban Health Research Center.