Definiteness across domains

跨域的确定性

• 批准号: 493949122
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Agata Renans
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Sprachwissenschaftliches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Scientific Networks
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/493949122?language=en
• 关键词: Definiteness; across; domains

This network addresses the topic of definite determiners in the nominal and clausal domain. In some languages, determiners used to mark definiteness are also found in clause-final position, e.g., in the backgrounded part of clefts, compare (1a) to (1b), from Akan.(1) a. Pàpá nó sá-àyɛ́‎. b. Kofi nà ɔ̀‎-sá-àyɛ́‎ nó. man def dance-pst Kofi prt 3sg-dance-pst def `The man danced.‘ ‘It was Kofi who danced.’The main focus of the network is on the compositional semantics of definite determiners, crosslinguistically, especially in under-researched languages. The main research questions are:-How is definiteness expressed across languages?- What is the meaning and use of definite descriptions in the nominal and clausal domain in a crosslinguistic perspective?- Is a unified analysis of definite descriptions in the nominal and clausal domain possible?In order to address these questions, the network focuses on three work packages:WP1 focuses on languages where different kinds of definiteness (e.g. anaphoricity/strong familiarity vs. reference to inherently unique individuals) are expressed differently (e.g.,Schwarz 2019): with two different determiners or a determiner vs. a bare noun. The main question is what kinds of definiteness are there and how can they be characterized and analyzed?WP2 investigates the meaning contribution of bare singular count nouns in languages where they (appear to) express definiteness. Is this true definiteness, and if yes, how is this reading achieved (relating this, in particular, to typeshifting accounts, e.g., Chierchia 1998, Dayal 2004)?WP3: concentrates on the distribution, meaning and use of clause-final definite determiners such as nó in (1b) (Duah, Renans & Grubic 2020). In which way can these environments be classified as definite, and how is the clause-final determiner related to its counterpart in the nominal domain?For each of these WPs, some of the network members have expressed opposing views on the compositional semantics/syntax of these constructions, their exact meaning contribution, or their interaction with other (e.g. indefinite or demonstrative) expressions. We, therefore, aim to find testable differences between their accounts and to collaboratively explore them in experiments and/or fieldwork. This in turn will lead to collaborative output such as conference and journal publications, field/experimental manuals and and possibly further collaborative grant applications.Most members of our network are younger researchers (mostly Post-Docs). They are researchers doing theoretical semantic and syntactic work, fieldworkers, and typologists working on definiteness. WP3 is comparatively under-researched and for this reason we have taken care to include network members working on languages with clausal determiners (e.g., Akan, Ga, Ewe (Kwa), Kusaal, Dagaare, Dagbani, Buli (Gur)).

该网络解决了名词性和分句域中的确定限定词的主题。在某些语言中，用于标记确定性的限定词也出现在子句的结尾位置，例如，在裂口的背景部分中，比较 (1a) 与 (1b)，来自 Akan.(1) a。 Pàpá nó sá-àyɛ́‎。 b. Kofi nà ɔ̀‎-sá-àyɛ́‎ nó。 man def dance-pst Kofi prt 3sg-dance-pst def `The man danced.' ‘It was Kofi who danced.’ 该网络的主要焦点是跨语言的确定限定词的组合语义，尤其是在研究不足的语言中。主要研究问题是： - 确定性如何跨语言表达？ - 从跨语言的角度来看，名词性和分句领域的确定性描述的含义和用途是什么？ - 对名词性和分句领域的确定性描述进行统一分析是否可能？为了解决这些问题，该网络重点关注三个工作包： 照应性/强烈熟悉性与对固有独特个体的引用）的表达方式不同（例如，Schwarz 2019）：使用两个不同的限定词或一个限定词与一个裸名词。主要问题是存在哪些类型的确定性以及如何对它们进行表征和分析？WP2 研究了裸单数可数名词在它们（似乎）表达确定性的语言中的意义贡献。这是真正的确定性吗？如果是的话，这种解读是如何实现的（特别是与类型转换帐户相关，例如 Chierchia 1998、Dayal 2004）？WP3：专注于子句最终确定限定词的分布、含义和使用，例如 (1b) 中的 nó（Duah、Renans & Grubic 2020）。这些环境以何种方式可以被归类为定语，从句最终限定词与名义域中的对应词有何关系？对于这些 WP 中的每一个，一些网络成员对这些结构的组合语义/句法、它们的确切含义贡献或它们与其他（例如不定或指示）表达的相互作用表达了反对意见。因此，我们的目标是找到他们的说法之间可测试的差异，并在实验和/或实地工作中合作探索它们。这反过来将导致协作产出，例如会议和期刊出版物、现场/实验手册以及可能的进一步协作资助申请。我们网络的大多数成员都是年轻的研究人员（大多数是博士后）。他们是从事理论语义和句法工作的研究人员、田野工作者和致力于确定性的类型学家。 WP3 的研究相对较少，因此，我们小心翼翼地纳入了研究带有从句限定词的语言的网络成员（例如，Akan、Ga、Ewe (Kwa)、Kusaal、Dagaare、Dagbani、Buli (Gur)）。