Total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) instrument

全反射X射线荧光（TXRF）仪器

• 批准号: 497562361
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Hamburg
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Major Research Instrumentation
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/497562361?language=en
• 关键词: Total; reflection; ray; fluorescence; TXRF

This application is for a total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) instrument for the simultaneous analysis of metals from magnesium to uranium in the ultratrace range. The instrument should be able to analyze biological (thin sections) and aqueous samples as well as solids. This requirement profile reflects the broad orientation of the applying working group "applied aquatic toxicology", whose research focus on the one hand includes fundamental questions on the ecotoxicity of rare earth metals. Research goals are the development of a biotic ligand model for lanthanum and gadolinium, and the investigation of the effects of lanthanides on biological model communities. On the other hand, applied research topics include the elaboration of a system for ecotoxicological assessment of sediment quality of different rivers and coastal areas, and the development of a biological sensor for the detection of dumped chemical warfare agents in the Baltic Sea. All topics are united by the approach of focusing on the effect of bioavailable pollutants on organisms, using microorganisms, algae, nematodes, daphnia, and fish eggs as test organisms. Multielement analyses in small-volume samples drawn periodically from experimental set-ups are necessary to investigate contaminant-biota interactions, taking into account the natural variability associated with the use of living organisms in test systems. High sample throughput with high sensitivity and low cost are thus among the requirements for the system applied for. By using two excitation systems (molybdenum and tungsten), even environmentally relevant pollutants that are otherwise difficult to determine, such as cadmium, tin and antimony, can be measured in the ppb range. The sensitivity for lanthanides such as lanthanum and gadolinium is in the lower ppb range, as confirmed by preliminary measurements. The determination of bioaccumulation in organisms, among other things with the help of histological preparations, is possible with the system applied for. The acquisition of this device is intended to replace an older, existing device, which will then be used in teaching in the future.

这项应用是一种全反射X射线荧光(TXRF)仪器，用于在超痕量范围内同时分析从镁到铀的金属。该仪器应能够分析生物(薄片)、水样以及固体。这一要求反映了应用工作组“应用水生毒理学”的广泛定位，其研究重点一方面包括稀土金属生态毒性的基本问题。研究目标是开发La和Gd的生物配体模型，并调查稀土元素对生物模型群落的影响。另一方面，应用研究课题包括拟定不同河流和沿海地区沉积物质量的生态毒理评估系统，以及开发用于检测波罗的海倾倒的化学战剂的生物传感器。所有的主题都集中在生物可利用污染物对生物体的影响上，使用微生物、藻类、线虫、水蚤和鱼卵作为测试生物体。为了调查污染物-生物群的相互作用，有必要对定期从实验装置中提取的小体积样本进行多元素分析，同时考虑到与在测试系统中使用活体相关的自然变异性。因此，高灵敏度和低成本的高样品吞吐量是所应用的系统的要求之一。通过使用两种激发系统(钼和钨)，即使是其他难以测定的与环境有关的污染物，如镉、锡和锑，也可以在ppb范围内测量。如初步测量所证实的，对La和Gd等稀土元素的灵敏度在较低的ppb范围内。在组织学准备的帮助下，测定生物体内的生物积累是可能的，应用该系统是可能的。收购这一设备的目的是取代一个较旧的现有设备，然后在未来的教学中使用。