Optimization of structure and design of membrane electrode assembly for DMFC

DMFC膜电极组件结构优化与设计

• 批准号: 13134201
• 负责人: NAKAGAWA Nobuyoshi
• 金额: $ 46.72万
• 依托单位: Gunma University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13134201/
• 关键词: Direct methanol fuel cell; Electrode; Solid polymer electrolyte; Methanol; catalyst; Energy conversion; Ionic liquid; Mesoporous carbon; 燃料電池; イオン導電

30% enhancement in power output was successfully achieved by an employment of Pt thin film addition on to the electrode/electrolyte interface with a sputtering technique. The similar approach was conducted with Pt-Ru binary sputtering on the anode interface, and an optimum composition of the binary catalyst and also the optimum amount for higher power output were made clear. As a result of these investigations, DMFC power output with 0.22W/cm^2 was achieved. A condensed catalyst thin layer with Pt and Pt-Ru black catalyst on cathode and anode, respectively, was designed and prepared based on the above investigations, and we could successfully demonstrated a DMFC with a power output as high as 0.35W/cm^2.By employing a novel electrode structure with a porous carbon plate, reduction of the methanol crossover to 1/3-1/10 was successfully attained. And then, it made DMFC operation with high concentration methanol like 15-17M possible.For a practical MEA using Nafion 117 and 112, methanol crossover as a function of temperature, methanol concentration and current density was evaluated, and based on this, an empirical equation to calculate methanol crossover was proposed.The anode overvoltage was successfully reduced by the addition of TiO2, 8%, to the catalyst layer.As a novel solid electrolyte for high temperature, 200℃, and low humidity, Nafion impregnated with an ionic liquid, i.e., MPPTFSI etc., and a proton-containing inorganic compounds with NASICON-type structures were successfully prepared. The former showed electric conductivity 10^<-2> Scm^<-1> at 200℃, and suggested a proton conduction.A novel catalyst employing mesoporous carbon particles as support of Pt-Ru catalyst was prepared. It was succeeded to obtain fine particles with several nano-meter in size and highly distributed on the surface of the mesoporous carbon particles.

通过溅射技术在电极/电解质界面上添加Pt薄膜，成功地实现了30%的功率输出增强。在阳极界面上对Pt-Ru二元溅射进行了类似的方法，明确了二元催化剂的最佳组成和最佳功率输出量。通过这些研究，实现了0.22W/cm^2的DMFC输出功率。在此基础上，设计并制备了阴极和阳极分别为Pt和Pt- ru黑色催化剂的凝聚态催化剂薄层，并成功地演示了输出功率高达0.35W/cm^2的DMFC。通过采用多孔碳板的新型电极结构，成功地将甲醇交叉率降低到1/3-1/10。进而使DMFC在15-17M高浓度甲醇条件下的操作成为可能。以Nafion 117和Nafion 112为实例，考察了甲醇交叉作为温度、甲醇浓度和电流密度的函数，并在此基础上提出了计算甲醇交叉的经验方程。通过在催化剂层中添加8%的TiO2，成功地降低了阳极过电压。作为一种新型的高温、200℃、低湿固体电解质，我们成功地用离子液体MPPTFSI等浸渍了Nafion，并制备了具有nasicon型结构的含质子无机化合物。前者在200℃时的电导率为10^<-2> Scm^<-1>，表明存在质子传导。制备了以介孔碳颗粒为载体的新型Pt-Ru催化剂。成功地获得了几纳米大小的细颗粒，并高度分布在介孔碳颗粒表面。

项目成果

Yikun Xiu, Kosuke Kamata, Nobuyoshi, Nakagawa: "Gas evolution at the anode and the coulombic efficiency of DMFC"Electrochemistry. 70. 946-949 (2002)

Yikun Xiu、Kosuke Kamata、Nobuyoshi、Nakakawa：“阳极的气体逸出和 DMFC 的库仑效率”电化学。

Electrochemical reduction of oxygen in some hydrophobic room-temperature molten salt systems

• DOI: 10.1149/1.1626669
• 发表时间: 2004-01-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Katayama, Y;Onodera, H;Miura, T
• 通讯作者: Miura, T

Reduction of Methanol Crossover by a Pt Film Directly Sputtered on Nafion Membrane

• DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.73.67
• 发表时间: 2005-01
• 期刊: Electrochemistry
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Yi Kun Xlu;Kosuke Kamata;T. Ono;Kazumasa Kobayashi;T. Nakazato;N. Nakagawa

直接液体型燃料電池

直接液体燃料电池

Nobuyoshi Nakagawa, Yikun Xiu: "Performance of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Operated at Atmospheric Pressure"J.Power Sources. 118/1-2. 248-255 (2003)

Nobuyoshi Nakakawa、Yikun Xiu：“在大气压下运行的直接甲醇燃料电池的性能”J.Power Sources。