Separation Properties and Evaluation of Smart Membrane

本研究项目取得的成果总结如下：1.间规聚苯乙烯(SPS)在不同的制备条件下可以形成四种不同的结晶。8型络合物由TTGG螺旋SPS链和一些有机分子作为客体组成。通过释放保留空间结构和形成SPS链的客体分子，8种形式的络合物转化为中间相，名古屋工科大学工程研究生院副教授，具有“分子腔”。建立了一种制备SPS中间相的较好方法。使用甲苯、二甲苯异构体和氯仿等客体分子可以控制中间相结构(大小和形状为0.01 nm量级)。吸附实验表明，该中间相具有优先吸附特性。另一方面，一种形式的SPS是由TT构象链组成的，呈现出沿着SPS TT链连接的分子间空间，可以说是“分子…更大的毛细管”。本研究还建立了SPSα晶型的制备方法和磁场取向。在一种形态的SPS晶体中，首次发现气体渗透系数随结晶度的增加而增大，当气体分子作为渗透剂的截面积大于“分子毛细管”的截面积时，不可能透过，表明含有SPS膜的形态是一种智能膜。合成了PDMS和PMMA的接枝共聚物和嵌段共聚物，以期获得高性能的渗透汽化法选择性分离水溶液中VOCs的膜。VOC的分离性能很大程度上依赖于膜的微相分离结构，而膜表面的化学修饰和杯芳烃作为分子腔的引入是获得高性能的有效手段。最终，苯/水的分离系数达到5000以上。较少

The results obtained in this research project are summarized as below descriptions.1. Syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) can take four different crystals under the various conditions of their preparations. The 8 form complex consists of the TTGG helical sPS chains and some organic molecules as a guest. By releasing the guest molecules in kept the steric structure and formation of sPS chains, the 8 form complex converts to the mesophase, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Associate Professor which has "molecular cavity". A good method of preparation of the sPS-mesophase was established. The mesophase structure (size, shape in 0.01 nm order) can control by using guest molecules such as toluene, xyleneisomers, and chloroform. The sorption experiments showed preference sorption properties of the mesophase. On the other hand, a form of sPS is consisted by TT conformed chains and presents the intermolecular spaces connected along sPS TT chains, it can be said "molecu … More lar capillary". The preparation and orientation by magnetic field of the a form crystal of sPS were also established in this study. In a form crystal of sPS, it's firstly discovered that the gas permeation coefficients increased with crystallinity, and when the cross-section area of the gas molecule as a penetrant was bigger than that of "molecular capillary", permeation through there is impossible, indicating a form containing sPS membrane is a smart membrane.2. The graft and block copolymers made of PDMS and PMMA were synthesized in order to get the high-performance membrane having the selectively separation of VOCs from aqueous solution by pervaporation method. VOC's separation performance was strongly depend on the micro-phase separation structures of these copolymer membranes, further, the chemical modification of membrane surface and the introduction of calixarene as a molecular cavity were effective techniques for the high performance. Finally, the separation factor of benzene/water was reached over 5,000. Less