Atomic oxygen in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere of the Earth

地球中层和低层热层中的原子氧

基本信息

项目摘要

Atomic oxygen (O) is an important component of the Earth’s atmosphere. It extends from the mesosphere to the lower thermosphere (MLT), i.e. from approximately 80 km to beyond 500 km in altitude. O is generated through photolysis of molecular oxygen by UV radiation. It is the most abundant species in the MLT and an important component with respect to the photochemistry of the MLT. In addition, O is important for the energy budget of the MLT, because CO2 molecules are excited by collisions with O and the excited CO2 molecules radiate in the infrared and cool the MLT. This means that global climate change also affects the MLT, because the increase of the CO2 concentration in the MLT leads to a more efficient cooling and consequently shrinking of the MLT. The O concentration is affected by dynamical motions, vertical transport, tides, and winds Therefore, an accurate knowledge of the global distribution of O and its concentration profile as well as diurnal and annual variations are essential for understanding the photochemistry, the energy budget and the dynamics of the MLT. The goal of this proposal is to determine column densities and concentration profiles of O in the MLT using the fine structure transitions at 4.74 THz and 2.06 THz. The data, which will be analyzed, are measured with the GREAT/upGREAT (German REceiver for Astronomy at Terahertz frequencies) heterodyne spectrometer on board of SOFIA, the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. This is a direct observation method which may yield more accurate results than existing indirect satellite-based methods which involve photochemical models in order to derive O concentration profiles. This instrument provides a data base with approximately 500,000 spectra starting in May 2014 and covering four different geolocations, namely North America, New Zealand, Europe and Tahiti/Pacific. Temporal variations as well as the influence of solar cycles, winds and gravity waves will be studied. The results will be compared with satellite data, which are available for altitudes from 80 to 100 km, and with predictions from a semi-empirical model. It should be noted that these data are the first spectrally resolved, direct measurement of O in the MLT. This is a promising alternative for the determination of the O concentration compared to indirect satellite-based methods, which rely on photochemical models.
原子氧(O)是地球大气的重要组成部分。它从中间层延伸到低热层,即从大约80公里到500公里以上的高度。O是通过紫外线辐射光解分子氧而产生的。它是MLT中最丰富的物种,也是MLT光化学的重要组成部分。此外,O对于MLT的能量收支是重要的,因为CO2分子通过与O的碰撞而被激发,并且被激发的CO2分子在红外线中辐射并冷却MLT。这意味着全球气候变化也会影响MLT,因为MLT中CO2浓度的增加会导致更有效的冷却,从而导致MLT的收缩。O浓度受动力运动、垂直输送、潮汐和风的影响。因此,准确了解O的全球分布及其浓度剖面以及日变化和年变化对于了解光化学、能量收支和MLT的动态至关重要。本建议的目标是确定柱密度和浓度分布的O在MLT使用精细结构的转变在4.74太赫兹和2.06太赫兹。这些将被分析的数据是用索菲亚平流层红外天文观测台上的GREAT/upGREAT(德国太赫兹天文接收器)外差光谱仪测量的。这是一种直接观测方法,可能会产生更准确的结果比现有的间接卫星为基础的方法,涉及光化学模型,以获得O浓度分布。该仪器从2014年5月开始提供包含约500,000个光谱的数据库,覆盖四个不同的地理位置,即北美、新西兰、欧洲和塔希提岛/太平洋。将研究时间变化以及太阳周期、风和重力波的影响。这些结果将与卫星数据进行比较,这些数据可用于80至100公里的高度,并与半经验模型的预测进行比较。应该指出的是,这些数据是第一次光谱解析,直接测量的O在MLT。这是一个有前途的替代方法相比,间接的卫星为基础的方法,依赖于光化学模型的O浓度的测定。

项目成果

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Professor Dr. Heinz-Wilhelm Hübers其他文献

Professor Dr. Heinz-Wilhelm Hübers的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Heinz-Wilhelm Hübers', 18)}}的其他基金

Helium-like impurity centers in silicon and germanium: Infrared light interaction, non-equilibrium distributions and optoelectronic applications
硅和锗中的类氦杂质中心:红外光相互作用、非平衡分布和光电应用
  • 批准号:
    389056032
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Towards infrared diamond optoelectronics: time-resolved spectroscopy of excited acceptors in diamond
走向红外金刚石光电子学:金刚石中激发受体的时间分辨光谱
  • 批准号:
    336679739
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Compressed sensing for terahertz body scanners
太赫兹人体扫描仪的压缩传感
  • 批准号:
    273378044
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Priority Programmes
High-resolution terahertz semiconductor spectroscopy using quantum-cascade lasers: Spectros-copy of impurity transitions in Ge and Si
使用量子级联激光器的高分辨率太赫兹半导体光谱:Ge 和 Si 中杂质跃迁的光谱复制
  • 批准号:
    269855598
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Multi-band millimeter wave / terahertz breath sensor based on molecular absorption spectroscopy
基于分子吸收光谱的多波段毫米波/太赫兹呼吸传感器
  • 批准号:
    272356870
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Priority Programmes
Halbleiter-Terahertz-Laser basierend auf Übergängen zwischen Energieniveaus flacher Verunreinigungen
基于平面杂质能级之间跃迁的半导体太赫兹激光器
  • 批准号:
    5288272
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Quantitative analytical spectroscopy of ultra-high purity germanium crystals
超高纯锗晶体的定量分析光谱
  • 批准号:
    509105207
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
HgCdTe-based quantum-well-heterostructures for mid-infrared heterodyne spectroscopy
用于中红外外差光谱的基于 HgCdTe 的量子阱异质结构
  • 批准号:
    448961446
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Cryo-micro-Raman spectroscopy and next generation sequencing for investigation of biomarkers in water ice inclusions of the subglacial antarctic lake
冷冻显微拉曼光谱和下一代测序用于研究南极冰下湖水冰包裹体中的生物标志物
  • 批准号:
    429811207
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Micro-integrated terahertz quantum-cascade laser for high-resolution spectroscopy (Micro-QCL)
用于高分辨率光谱的微集成太赫兹量子级联激光器(Micro-QCL)
  • 批准号:
    468535812
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Priority Programmes

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