Catastrophic Natural Disasters: Studies of Environmental and Social Change and Activities to Reduce Future Vulnerabilities

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As the scale of natural disaster becomes larger, the humanitarian assistance and reconstruction support tend to be extended crossing over the borders of regions and countries. Those who extend their support to another culture with different social structure need to correctly evaluate the social capitals and values, and then make use of them in the reconstruction process. The understanding of local knowledge and value will contribute to reduce vulnerability and to enhance resilience of a society.To achieve success in building a less vulnerable and more resilient society, collaboration of many sectors; academics from various disciplines, residents, governments, NGO/NPO etc. are indispensable not only in developing countries but also developed countries. Lessons learnt through our experiences in the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 should also be transferred in the future activities of overseas assistance.