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Construction of Neural Network acquiring an Internal Model of Visual Perceptual Grouping

获取视觉感知分组内部模型的神经网络的构建

基本信息

批准号：
14580433
负责人：
HAYASHI Isao
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Kansai University (2004)Hannan University (2002-2003)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In the human visual system, the visual modalities are detected at visual cells in the retina, the lateral geniculate nucleus(LGN) and the primary visual cortex (V1). Aperture problem is a kind of experiments for analyzing the binding mechanism for motion processing in the early visual system. A circle aperture where a bar is moving in the background is first displayed at the computer display. Two other circles appear next at both sides of the center circle, but two bars are also moving in the background, and the bar's orientation is different from the center's. If subjects perceived three bars as a bar, the center bar's moving orientation would be changed as same as at the both sides of circle's. This perceptual grouping is strongly depending on the display time. On the other hand, visual models and neural networks based on the human visual system have been proposed, e.g., BCS, FCS, ARTMAP, fuzzy ARTMAP and TAM Network. TAM (Topographic Attentive Mapping) Network is a biologically-motivated neural network. TAM Network is analogous to receptive field, LGN, and V1 in the structure from the input layer to the output layer. When the network makes an incorrect error, the attentional mechanism is invoked based on the feedback signals and inhibitory synapses, and the error is adjusted to be smaller. In this research, the following researches are studied.1.Perceptual rates are estimated changing the display time, radius, distance between circles, and the dependency of display time on radius and distance between circles is confirmed.2.The curve of perceptual rates for display time is convex.3.Fuzzy rules are acquired from aperture's data using TAM Network, and the usefulness of feedback signals and inhibitory synapses of TAM Network is shown.By these researches, we show the possibility of the decreasing of perceptual rate in the late display time more than 550ms. The usefulness of the feedback signals and the inhibitory synapses of TAM Network is also shown.

在人类视觉系统中，在视网膜、外侧膝状体核（LGN）和初级视觉皮层（V1）中的视觉细胞处检测视觉模态。孔径问题是分析早期视觉系统中运动处理的约束机制的一种实验。首先在计算机显示器上显示一个圆形光圈，其中一个条在背景中移动。另外两个圆出现在中心圆的两侧，但两个条也在背景中移动，并且条的方向与中心的方向不同。如果被试把三个条形当作一个条形，则中间条形的移动方向会发生变化，与圆的两侧的移动方向相同。这种感知分组强烈地依赖于显示时间。另一方面，已经提出了基于人类视觉系统的视觉模型和神经网络，例如，BCS，FCS，ARTMAP，模糊ARTMAP和TAM网络。TAM（Topographic Attentive Mapping）网络是一种基于生物学的神经网络。TAM网络从输入层到输出层的结构类似于感受野、LGN和V1。当网络发生错误时，基于反馈信号和抑制性突触，注意机制被调用，误差被调整得更小。本研究主要进行了以下几方面的研究：1.通过改变显示时间、半径、圆间距来估计感知率，并确定了显示时间对半径和圆间距的依赖关系; 2.感知率对显示时间的曲线是凸的; 3.利用TAM网络从孔径数据中提取模糊规则，通过这些研究，我们发现了在550 ms以上的显示时间后期，知觉率下降的可能性。同时也说明了TAM网络的反馈信号和抑制性突触的有效性。