Action Research on the Education Program with the "Nursing Practice Model(TK model)" for Patient Education, and the Intervention Research

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Action research was conducted using the model at three different hospitals between February 2008 and August 2010. The model development research group of 24 researchers split up to give explanations of the model and participate in case review meetings at the three sites. There were a total of 12 clinical nurses among the research participants and 31 nurses who participated in the study meetings. The data was collected from interviews with the participating nurses; from recordings of the study meetings, case review meetings, and discussion meetings; from participant observation records, etc. The method of analysis used was to keep in mind "what kind of changes arose in the participating nurses from case review meetings using the TK model," extract the changes in the participating nurses and other nurses on the wards, and study how the researchers implemented their involvement. The purpose of the intervention research was to evaluate the outcomes of individual face-to-face patient educat … More ion provided by a nurse over a period of 15 months to people with type 2 diabetes. A randomized controlled trial was used. 96 adults with type 2 diabetes receiving outpatient treatment at a clinic specializing in diabetes were divided randomly into an intervention group and a usual care group. The intervention group received individual face-to-face patient education from a nurseprior to and following their outpatient treatment every four to six weeks over the 15-month period. The post test was completed with 45 participants in the intervention group and 43 in the usual care group (an attrition rate of 8.5%). Nursing intervention over the 15-month period for the intervention group averaged 10.3 sessions (SD = 1.9) and 20.4 minutes (SD = 8.0) per session. With regard to dietary and exercise self-management, a significant improvement in nutritional balance was seen in the interventiongroup (F (1, 80) = 7.28, p < .01) versus the usual care group. Scores for amount of exercise indicated a trend towards better exercise self-management (F (1, 80) = 2.81, p = .098) in the intervention group as opposed to the usual care group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to control of caloric intake or changes in meal time patterns. Less