Experimental and numerical investigations on density-driven dissolution of CO2 and related carbonate dissolution in karst water
岩溶水中密度驱动的 CO2 溶解及相关碳酸盐溶解的实验和数值研究
基本信息
- 批准号:508470891
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Research Grants
- 财政年份:
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The role of density-driven CO2 dissolution in karst systems is not well understood to date. It is known that CO2 dissolved in water drives the karstification process, and it is likewise generally understood that its major source is biogenic, i.e. produced by microorganisms in the soil or by root respiration. Dissolution of carbonates takes place primarily near the ground surface, where percolating meteoric water is enriched with CO2 and leads to so-called denudation, which is, in essence, a wearing-down of the terrestrial surface area. But why do cavities also grow deep inside the rock? This is currently explained through two different prevailing mechanisms: (1) Mixing corrosion refers to dissolutional potential created when two water streams mix, since the mixed water is always calcite-aggressive. (2) Non-linear dissolution kinetics are assumed on the basis that water may retain a certain residual amount of its dissolutional potential until deep into the rock. Our new claim is that a third important and, so far, underestimated mechanism for replenishing CO2 in water bodies - we refer to it as density-driven dissolution - may also play a role in cavity development at depth. We demonstrated in a recent article that density-driven dissolution of CO2 in water can replenish stagnant water bodies with CO2 and, thus, the dissolution potential on a time-scale of weeks to months. What has not been investigated to date, due to its particularly high complexity, is the interaction of density-driven CO2 dissolution with limestone, i.e. the reactive-transport system. One can assume that density-driven dissolution of CO2 takes place within a fracture of a certain aperture. Density-induced flow then depends on the actual fracture opening, which may increase as a result of carbonate dissolution, thus, triggering a self-enhancing process.This project's overall aim is to contribute to a better understanding of the role of density-driven CO2 dissolution in relation to already known mechanisms, such as mixing corrosion and non-linear dissolution kinetics. To understand the interaction between different karstification mechanisms on geologic time scales, the only appropriate tool is modelling, validated by sophisticated and well-controlled laboratory and field experiments. The numerical model solves Navier-Stokes equations with density dependent on the concentrations of dissolved components. The validation is aimed at including a coupling of reactive flow due to density-driven dissolution in calco-carbonic systems and induced morphological changes on the surface of a limestone.In summary, we propose to- improve numerical modeling capabilities by systematic validation of our numerical simulator DuMux with data from well-controlled experiments.- quantify CO2 entry rates into karst waters resulting from density-driven dissolution and reaction at limestone surfaces.- quantify corresponding dissolution rates of carbonates and modification of the limestone surface.
迄今为止,人们还没有很好地理解密度驱动的CO2溶蚀在岩溶系统中的作用。众所周知,溶解在水中的二氧化碳驱动岩溶过程,同样,人们普遍认为其主要来源是生物源的,即由土壤中的微生物或根呼吸产生。碳酸盐的溶解主要发生在地表附近,在那里,渗透的大气水富含二氧化碳,导致所谓的剥蚀,从本质上讲,这是陆地表面的磨损。但为什么洞穴也会在岩石深处生长呢?目前有两种不同的普遍机制来解释这一现象:(1)混合腐蚀是指两种水流混合时产生的溶解电位,因为混合水总是具有方解石侵蚀性。(2)非线性溶解动力学假设是基于水可以保留其溶解势的一定残余量直至深入岩石。我们的新主张是,第三种重要的、迄今为止被低估的补充水体中二氧化碳的机制——我们称之为密度驱动的溶解——也可能在深海空腔的发育中发挥作用。我们在最近的一篇文章中证明,密度驱动的二氧化碳在水中的溶解可以用二氧化碳补充停滞的水体,因此,溶解潜力在几周到几个月的时间尺度上。由于其特别复杂,迄今尚未研究的是密度驱动的CO2溶解与石灰石的相互作用,即反应-传输系统。可以假设,密度驱动的CO2溶解发生在具有一定孔径的裂缝内。密度诱导的流量取决于实际的裂缝开度,裂缝开度可能由于碳酸盐溶解而增大,从而触发一个自我增强的过程。该项目的总体目标是有助于更好地理解密度驱动的二氧化碳溶解作用与已知机制的关系,如混合腐蚀和非线性溶解动力学。要了解地质时间尺度上不同岩溶机制之间的相互作用,唯一合适的工具是建模,并通过复杂且控制良好的实验室和现场实验进行验证。数值模型求解的Navier-Stokes方程的密度取决于溶解组分的浓度。验证的目的是包括由于钙-碳系统中密度驱动的溶解和石灰石表面诱导的形态变化引起的反应流动的耦合。总之,我们建议通过系统验证我们的数值模拟器DuMux和来自良好控制实验的数据来提高数值模拟能力。-量化由石灰岩表面密度驱动的溶解和反应导致的二氧化碳进入喀斯特水域的速率。-量化碳酸盐的相应溶解速率和石灰石表面的改性。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Professor Dr.-Ing. Holger Class其他文献
Professor Dr.-Ing. Holger Class的其他文献
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