Palaeoecology and Palaeoclimatology of the Mongolian Plateau and their impact on urbanism

拟议项目在第一个申请期的主要目标是重建蒙古中部与蒙古草原城市化有关的古环境和古气候。这将回答拟议研究股的核心问题之一，即人与环境之间的相互作用。高分辨率的湖泊沉积物将被用作这一方法的档案。这不仅可以研究与蒙古帝国有关的特殊时间片，而且可以基于数千年的历时观点来研究时间序列，以重建长期的古环境变化。由于几个原因，花粉分析是重建第四纪陆地环境的主要方法。由于花粉现在通常可以被鉴定到属的层面，而且经常被鉴定到物种层面，因此在蒙古草原上详细重建植被有很大的潜力。通过应用统计方法，对孢粉组合进行对比，并将其用于重建研究区(鄂尔多洪河谷和卡奈河谷)的区域环境条件和随时间的变化。拟议的项目将首次以前所未有的精细分辨率为蒙古的两个微型区域创造一个全面的环境重建。事实上，孢粉学调查在恢复过去的植被和过去的气候方面取得了重要成就。花粉数据将用于根据植物学-气候学传递函数重建古气候参数，如温度和降水量。所获得的替代数据和重建结果将有助于将考古成果与古生态和古气候学的结果相结合。

The main goal of the proposed project during the first application period is the reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate in central Mongolia in relation to the urbanism in the Mongolian steppes. This will answer one of the core questions of the proposed Research Unit, namely the interaction between human and environment. High-resolution lacustrine sediments will be used as archives for this approach. This will allow not only to investigate the special time slice related to the Mongol Empire, but also time series based a on diachronic view over thousands of years to reconstruct long-term palaeoenvironmental changes. For several reasons pollen analysis is the principal method for reconstructing Quaternary terrestrial environments. Since pollen can now usually be identified to the genus level, and frequently to the species level, there is great potential for detailed reconstruction of the vegetation in the Mongolian steppes. By applying statistical methods, pollen assemblages will be compared and used for the reconstruction of regional environmental conditions and variations in the study areas through time (Orkhon valley and Khanui valley). The proposed project will for the first time create a comprehensive environmental reconstruction for two micro-regions of Mongolia in unprecedented fine resolution. Indeed, palynological investigations have provided important achievements in the reconstruction of past vegetation and past climate. The pollen data will be used to reconstruct palaeoclimatological parameters such as temperature and precipitation based on botanical-climatological transfer functions. The obtained proxy data and reconstructions will contribute to integrate archaeological results with those of the palaeoecology and palaeoclimatology.