Palaeoecology and Palaeoclimatology of the Mongolian Plateau and their impact on urbanism

第一期项目的主要目标是重建蒙古中部地区与蒙古草原城市化相关的古环境和古气候。这将回答拟议的研究单位的核心问题之一，即人与环境之间的相互作用。高分辨率的湖泊沉积物将被用作该方法的档案。这不仅可以研究与蒙古帝国相关的特殊时间片，还可以基于历时视图的时间序列来重建数千年的长期古环境变化。由于种种原因，花粉分析是重建第四纪陆地环境的主要方法。由于花粉通常可以识别到属水平，而且经常可以识别到种水平，因此在蒙古草原植被的详细重建中具有很大的潜力。采用统计学方法，对研究区（鄂尔沁河谷和哈努伊河谷）的花粉组合进行比较，并用于重建区域环境条件及其随时间的变化。拟议的项目将首次以前所未有的精细分辨率为蒙古的两个微区域创造全面的环境重建。孢粉学研究确实为重建过去的植被和气候提供了重要的成果。花粉数据将用于重建古气候参数，如基于植物-气候传递函数的温度和降水。所获得的代用资料和重建结果将有助于将考古成果与古生态学和古气候学成果相结合。

The main goal of the proposed project during the first application period is the reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate in central Mongolia in relation to the urbanism in the Mongolian steppes. This will answer one of the core questions of the proposed Research Unit, namely the interaction between human and environment. High-resolution lacustrine sediments will be used as archives for this approach. This will allow not only to investigate the special time slice related to the Mongol Empire, but also time series based a on diachronic view over thousands of years to reconstruct long-term palaeoenvironmental changes. For several reasons pollen analysis is the principal method for reconstructing Quaternary terrestrial environments. Since pollen can now usually be identified to the genus level, and frequently to the species level, there is great potential for detailed reconstruction of the vegetation in the Mongolian steppes. By applying statistical methods, pollen assemblages will be compared and used for the reconstruction of regional environmental conditions and variations in the study areas through time (Orkhon valley and Khanui valley). The proposed project will for the first time create a comprehensive environmental reconstruction for two micro-regions of Mongolia in unprecedented fine resolution. Indeed, palynological investigations have provided important achievements in the reconstruction of past vegetation and past climate. The pollen data will be used to reconstruct palaeoclimatological parameters such as temperature and precipitation based on botanical-climatological transfer functions. The obtained proxy data and reconstructions will contribute to integrate archaeological results with those of the palaeoecology and palaeoclimatology.