Understanding and reducing defensiveness in the face of group criticism

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Research has shown that criticisms of groups are received much more defensively when they are made by outsiders than when they are made by other ingroup members. The proposed project examines two key research questions: (1) under what conditions will ingroup critics be more or less accepted? and (2) what can outgroup members do to reduce defensiveness in the face of legitimate criticisms? This project will help provide specific, practical recommendations regarding how to negotiate sensitive issues within and between a range of ethnic, religious, and political groups.