Early Manila Hokkien (EMHo): Language, Missionary Linguistics and Migration from the perspective of the Bocabulario de lengua sangleya por las letraz de el A.B.C.

EMHo项目的重点是一本17世纪早期的中文-西班牙语手稿词典：《Bocabulario de lengua sangleya por las letraz de el A.B.C.》。《博卡布里奥》由一位匿名的西班牙传教士撰写，包含200多页双面开本，为马尼拉中国移民使用的语言提供了丰富的记录。这种语言被称为闽南语，或者在东南亚被称为闽南语。该项目旨在通过数字学术版本，包括数字传真、外交抄本和英语翻译，使Bocabulario的内容易于访问。原始西班牙语文本的扩展规范化表示和带有行间注释、音调转录和中文字符的额外语言注释旨在使数据可被更广泛的语言社区访问，从而为非欧洲语言的数字编码创造新的可能性。在这个版本的基础上，Bocabulario将被置于三个相互关联的背景下进行分析：语言历史，传教士语言学和历史社会语言学。历史语言学分析建立在这样一个假设之上，即马尼拉的中国移民说一种被称为早期马尼拉闽南语的接触变种，包括不同闽南语的特征。通过系统的语言比较，该项目旨在确定早期马尼拉闽南语在闽南方言和东南亚语言区域中的地位。传教士语言学领域的研究旨在从伊比利亚-罗曼史的角度对《博卡布里奥》的语言元语言和词典结构进行分类，并通过术语和词典学的比较，了解传教士在中国以外如何概念化汉语——从而在缺乏与中国语言学者的知识交流的情况下。从社会历史的角度来看，该项目突出了早期马尼拉闽南语是移民使用的语言这一事实。由于中国移民极大地增加了马尼拉的语言复杂性，该项目努力重建西班牙殖民主义早期城市语言环境的本质。具体地说，我们试图深入了解早期马尼拉闽南语相对-à-vis其他语言的地位，以及形成社会语言学环境的主流殖民地语言意识形态。

The EMHo project centers on a Chinese-Spanish manuscript dictionary of the early seventeenth century: the "Bocabulario de lengua sangleya por las letraz de el A.B.C." Written by an anonymous Spanish missionary and comprising more than 200 double-sided folios, the Bocabulario offers a rich documentation of the language spoken by Chinese migrants in Manila. This language is known as Southern Min or alternatively, especially in Southeast Asia, as Hokkien. The project aims to make the content of the Bocabulario accessible through a digital scholarly edition comprising digital facsimiles, a diplomatic transcription, and an English translation. An extended normalized representation of the original Spanish text and additional linguistic annotations with interlinear glosses, tone transcriptions, and Chinese characters are intended to make the data accessible to a broader linguistic community, thereby creating new possibilities for the digital encoding of non-European languages. On the basis of this edition, the Bocabulario will be analyzed by situating it in three interrelated contexts: language history, missionary linguistics, and historical sociolinguistics. The historical-linguistic analysis builds on the hypothesis that Chinese migrants in Manila spoke a contact variety known as Early Manila Hokkien comprising features of different Southern Min dialects. Through systematic linguistic comparison, the project aims to determine the status of Early Manila Hokkien within the group of Southern Min dialects and the Southeast Asian linguistic area. Research in the field of missionary linguistics aims to classify the linguistic metalanguage and lexicographic structure of the Bocabulario from an Ibero-Romance perspective and to fathom, through terminological and lexicographic comparisons, how missionaries conceptualized a Chinese language outside of China – and thus in the absence of intellectual exchanges with Chinese language scholars. In its socio-historical dimensions, the project foregrounds the fact that Early Manila Hokkien was a language spoken by migrants. Since Chinese migration significantly added to the linguistic complexity of Manila, the project endeavors to reconstruct the nature of the linguistic setting of the city in the early phase of Spanish colonialism. Concretely speaking, we seek to gain insights into the status of Early Manila Hokkien vis-à-vis other languages and of prevailing colonial language ideologies that shaped the sociolinguistic setting.