DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL MEASURING SYSTEM AND MORPHOLOGICAL DATA-BASED ON CT FOR MORPHPLOGY

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The analysis of three-dimensional morphologies of the organs and tissue is one of the current topics in the human origin and human paleobiological researches. We develop three-dimensional measuring-analyzing system for this purpose. Results are reported in the following three sections; (A)system development, (B)applied studies, (C)database.(A) We developed an algorithm to determine the thresholds for the compactum, cancellous bone, and air.(B)i) We studied the ontogenetic development and static individual variation of the frontal sinus morphology in chimpanzees, and evaluated differences from those in the Asian great ape. ii)We found that the femora of more terrestrial primates were designed to accommodate a greater bending strength in the anteroposterior direction while those of arboreal arm-swinging primates have a greater mediolateral bending rigidity. iii)It has been made clear that the radial notch in the apes was faced anteriorly as those in monkeys, and that the simple dichotomy concerning this trait seemed problematic.(C) We worked on the database that stored morphological information of the crania of Jomon populations, modern Japanese, and prehistoric Mesopotamians. New data cases are still being collected.