Laminar Bone Foromation and Comparative Histology on Osteon-Remodeling in Some Species of Aritidactla

通过透射光、扫描电子、透射电镜和能量色散x射线显微分析，对不同年龄的牛、山羊、猪和绵羊的肢体长骨骨干进行了研究。在3个月的胎牛中，在骨髓周围出现了3-4层同心的层状骨，在新生小牛中可见25-26层。在1岁的牛中，骨出现在内三分之一区，但在12岁的牛中，层骨仍保留。椎板骨中心高钙化，所谓亮线，散在相对较大的颗粒状和细纤维状结构。这条线形成后，在这条线上形成编织骨和板层骨。内膜侧的相对体积大于骨膜侧。亮线可见少量骨细胞，但细胞腔隙比正常腔隙大。因此，骨基质的形成可能有些不同。从亮线中，检测到大量的Na和S元素。胶原原纤维Van-Gieson染色，亮线未见染色。在H-E和AZAN染色中，这条线与织层骨和板层骨有明显的区别，在甲苯胺蓝染色的年轻板层骨中也有区别。然而，我们不能确定在明线中发现的颗粒和纤维状结构的有机元素。在幼山羊、猪和绵羊的四肢长骨形成过程中，也观察到与牛相似的层状骨。层板骨形成迅速，而在出生后的一段时间内，层板骨中没有出现应该形成哈弗氏骨的骨。最早出现在猪身上，最近出现在大型动物牛身上。

We investigated the limb long-bone diaphyses of various-aged bovines, goats, pigs, and sheep by transmitted light, scanning electron, transmitted elect'ron microscopy, and enegy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis.In a 3-rnonthfetus bovine, 3-4 concentric layers of laminar bone appeared around the bone marrow and 25-26 layers were seen in a new-born calf. In a 1-year-old ox, osteons appeared in the inner-third zone, however, the laminar bone was retained yet in a 12-year-old cow. The hypercalcified center of laminar bone, so-called a bright line, scattered relatively large granular and fine fibrillar structures. After formation of this line, woven bone and lamellar bone were formed on the line. The appositional volume was larger in the endosteum than the periosteum side. There were a few osteocytes in the bright line, but the cell lacunae were larger than the normal lacunae. Thus, the formation of bone matrix may somewhat differ from each other. From the bright line, larger amounts of Na and S elements were detected.In Van-Gieson staining for collagen fibrils, the bright line showed no staining. In H-E and AZAN staining, the line was distinguishable from the woven and lamellar bones, and also differed from them in the younger laminar bone stained with toluidin blue. However, we can not identified the organic elements of the granular and fibrillar structures found in the bright line.In the formation of limb-long bones in young goats, pigs, and sheep, laminar bone similar to that of bovines was also observed. The laminar bone was rapidly formed and osteons that should form Haversian bone did not appear in the laminar bone for a certain period of time after birth. The appearance was earlier seen in pigs and latest in bovines as a large animal.