Laminar Bone Foromation and Comparative Histology on Osteon-Remodeling in Some Species of Aritidactla

用透射光、扫描电镜、透射电子罗恩显微镜和X射线能谱显微分析等方法，对不同年龄牛、羊、猪和绵羊的四肢长骨骨干进行了观察，结果表明：在一头3-胎牛中，骨髓周围出现3-4层同心圆板状骨，新生牛中，骨髓周围出现25-26层同心圆板状骨。在1岁的牛，骨单位出现在内三分之一区，但在12岁的牛，板状骨仍保留。层状骨的高钙化中心，即所谓的亮线，分散着相对较大的颗粒状和细纤维状结构。线形成后，线上形成编织骨和板层骨。骨内膜侧的附着体积大于骨膜侧。亮线内可见少量骨细胞，但骨细胞陷窝较正常骨陷窝大。因此，骨基质的形成可能彼此有些不同。从亮线中检测到大量的Na和S元素，在Van-Gieson染色胶原纤维时，亮线显示无染色。H-E和AZAN染色可将其与编织骨和板层骨区分开来，而在甲苯胺蓝染色的年轻板层骨中也与它们不同。然而，我们不能确定亮线中发现的颗粒状和纤维状结构的有机元素。在年轻山羊、猪和绵羊的四肢长骨的形成中，也观察到类似于牛的层状骨。椎板骨迅速形成，但在出生后的一段时间内，椎板骨中没有出现应形成哈弗氏骨的骨单位。这种现象最早出现在猪身上，最晚出现在牛身上。

We investigated the limb long-bone diaphyses of various-aged bovines, goats, pigs, and sheep by transmitted light, scanning electron, transmitted elect'ron microscopy, and enegy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis.In a 3-rnonthfetus bovine, 3-4 concentric layers of laminar bone appeared around the bone marrow and 25-26 layers were seen in a new-born calf. In a 1-year-old ox, osteons appeared in the inner-third zone, however, the laminar bone was retained yet in a 12-year-old cow. The hypercalcified center of laminar bone, so-called a bright line, scattered relatively large granular and fine fibrillar structures. After formation of this line, woven bone and lamellar bone were formed on the line. The appositional volume was larger in the endosteum than the periosteum side. There were a few osteocytes in the bright line, but the cell lacunae were larger than the normal lacunae. Thus, the formation of bone matrix may somewhat differ from each other. From the bright line, larger amounts of Na and S elements were detected.In Van-Gieson staining for collagen fibrils, the bright line showed no staining. In H-E and AZAN staining, the line was distinguishable from the woven and lamellar bones, and also differed from them in the younger laminar bone stained with toluidin blue. However, we can not identified the organic elements of the granular and fibrillar structures found in the bright line.In the formation of limb-long bones in young goats, pigs, and sheep, laminar bone similar to that of bovines was also observed. The laminar bone was rapidly formed and osteons that should form Haversian bone did not appear in the laminar bone for a certain period of time after birth. The appearance was earlier seen in pigs and latest in bovines as a large animal.