Mechanism of Word-Association and Organization of Linguistic Representation in the Child.

儿童的单词联想机制和语言表征组织。

• 批准号: 60301014
• 负责人: OKAMOTO Natsuki
• 金额: $ 3.71万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University of Education
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1985 至 1987
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60301014/
• 关键词: Word-Association; Language; Representation; Organization; Response time; Semantic structure; Child; 知的遅滞児; 体制化; 反応時間; 発達遅滞児

The purpose of this study was to know the mechanism of word-association and the development of linguistic and semantic representation in word-association. It consisted of four section; mechanism of association, semantic structure, individual differences, language development, each of which included several experiments and analyses. (1) "mechanism of association": 1) Associative flexibility between stimulus and response words were found through reversal association responses to words obtained as responses. 2) How such factors as sementic and morphological similarities affect variability and communality of association was tested in comparison between synonyms or derivatives. 3)The relationship between inner associative processes and overt responses was analyzed by associative-primingmethod. (2) "semantic structure": 1) Preshoolers' free-association to superordinate categorical words was compared with school children's. 2) The stability of associative contingency and semantic structure was examined by analyzing Indonesian children's associative responses. 3) Semantic representation for color samples was compared with that for color words by semantic differential technique. (3) "individual differences": 1)Classification of subjects was made through the factorial semantic structure. 2) Mental retarded adolescent's associative responses were compared with the normal's. (4) "language development": 1) Affective categorization of experiences was tested through preschoolers' instance responses to affective adjectives obtained as associative responses. 2) Changes of association by organization of knowledge for stimulus words were experimented in the classroom situation.

本研究的目的是了解词联想的机制以及词联想中语言和语义表征的发展。它由四个部分组成；联想机制、语义结构、个体差异、语言发展，每一项都包含多次实验和分析。 （1）“联想机制”： 1）刺激词和反应词之间的联想灵活性是通过对作为反应而获得的单词的反向联想反应来发现的。 2）通过同义词或派生词之间的比较来测试语义和形态相似性等因素如何影响关联的变异性和公共性。 3)采用联想启动法分析内部联想过程与外显反应之间的关系。 (2)“语义结构”： 1)将学龄前儿童对上位分类词的自由联想与学龄儿童进行比较。 2）通过分析印度尼西亚儿童的联想反应来检验联想偶然性和语义结构的稳定性。 3)通过语义差分技术将颜色样本的语义表示与颜色词的语义表示进行比较。 (3)“个体差异”：1)通过阶乘语义结构对主题进行分类。 2）将智力障碍青少年的联想反应与正常人进行比较。 （4）“语言发展”： 1）通过学龄前儿童对情感形容词的实例反应（作为联想反应）来测试经验的情感分类。 2）在课堂情境中对刺激词的知识组织引起的联想变化进行了实验。

项目成果

落合正行: 追手門学院大学文学部紀要. 20. 1-20 (1986)

Masayuki Ochiai：大手门学院大学文学部通报。20. 1-20 (1986)

土居道栄: 奈良女子大学文学部研究年報. 31. (1987)

土居道惠：奈良女子大学文学院研究年度报告 31。（1987 年）

Yukawa,R., Shimizu,H., Okamoto,N.: "Correspondence between association and associative responses." The abstracts of the 29th Congress of Japanese Educational Psychological Association.688-689 (1987)

Yukawa,R.、Shimizu,H.、Okamoto,N.：“联想与联想反应之间的对应关系。”

落合正行,土居道栄,岡本夏木: 日本心理学会第50回大会発表論文集. 424-(424) (1986)

Masayuki Ochiai、Michie Doi、Natsuki Okamoto：日本心理学会第 50 届年会记录 424-(424) (1986)。

落合正行 ほか: 日本心理学会第49回大会発表論文集. 180 (1985)

Masayuki Ochiai 等人：日本心理学会第 49 届年会记录 180 (1985)。