Studies in Nonlinear Phonology (Hi-senjo Oiniron no Kenkyu)

本研究的主要目的是对非线性音系学进行理论和描述性研究，特别是发展非线性音系学理论，并获得新的事实和发现。幸运的是，由于我们能够组织一个系统的研究小组，召开会议进行讨论和口头报告，并交换信息和意见，在过去的三年里取得了良好的效果。首先，首席研究员指出，传统的以线性原则为基础的日耳曼诗歌格律存在着一些严重的缺陷和问题，为了解释古英语诗歌中所观察到的独特的格律结构，非线性音系学的格律框架是不可或缺的。他还成功地提出了一个新的韵律模式，古英语诗歌，它结合了最近的格律理论的研究成果，如多维结构，内部音节结构，和响亮层次的片段。另一方面，穗子则着重分析了非线性音系学与句法学的关系，并试图对前人的理论进行修正和发展。他的研究成果不仅在他的文章中得到了很好的反映，而且在他的《语法和发音》（1985年，Taishukan）一书中也得到了很好的反映。山田对早期现代英语和现代英语的词汇音系学进行了研究，其研究成果被认为是发展词汇音系学理论的一个重要方面。Tabata对日语音段和音节内部结构进行了分析，其结果将有助于验证该理论本身的有效性。Mikami在非线性音系学的框架内对蒙古语元音进行了新的分析，并取得了一些新的发现。遗留的问题还在我们面前，我们将重组现有的研究小组，并在过去三年所取得的成就的基础上开始新的研究。

The present research is primarily intended to make theoretical and descriptive investigations of nonlinear phonology, especially to develop the theory itself and obtain new facts and findings. Fortunately, as we could organize a systematic research group, hold a meeting for discussion and oral report, and exchange informations and opinions, good results are brought about in the last three years. First, Head Investigator demonstrated that some crucial defects and problems are involved in the traditional metrics for Germanic verse which is based on the linearity principle, and in order to explain peculiar metrical structures observed in Old English verse, the metrical framework of nonlinear phonology is indispensable. He also succeeded in presenting a new prosodic model for Old English verse by incorporating in it research products of the recent metrical theory such as multi-dimentional structure, internal syllable structure, and sonority hierarchy of segments. On the other hand, Suiko focused his analysis upon the relationship between nonlinear phonology and syntax, and attempted a modification and development to the previous theory. The results of his research are well reflected not only in his article but also in his book Grammar and Pronunciation(1985, Taishukan). Yamada made a research on the lexical phonology for Early Modern English and Modern English, the outcome of which is highly estimated as deserving for the development of the theory. Tabata analysed Japanese segments and the internal structure of a syllable; the results will contribute to verify the validity of the theory itself. Mikami attempted a new analysis of the vowels of Mongolian in the framework of nonlinear phonology, and sicceeded in getting some new findings. Residual problems are still before us, and we will reorganize the present research group, and start a new investigation based upon the achievements we have made in the last three years.