The Effect of Expectancies in Peer Relationships

在同伴关系中，被同伴忽视或排斥的儿童人际交往能力不足，人际交往策略较差。但他们也可能对同龄人期望不足。为了验证这一假设，我们构建了“友谊期望量表”（FES），并在“社会接受量表”的基础上考察了FES得分与社会计量地位得分（SSS）的关系。FES量表有四个子量表，分别是与同伴的合作、共情、接受和对同伴的信心。主要结果如下：1)女生对友谊的期望值高于男生2)三种关系的期望值存在显著差异；最好的朋友，次好的朋友和中等亲密度的朋友（中性朋友）。3)各类型友谊关系期望差异最大的子量表为“信心”，最小的子量表为“合作”。4)高SSS的孩子比低SSS的孩子期望更高。这种趋势在女团中更为明显。5) SSS组对中立朋友的期望FES差异最大。6)“共情”分量表的SSS差异最显著。如上所述，社会计量学地位与FES分数密切相关。特别是，“共情”被认为对成功的友谊关系有显著影响。

It is said that in peer relations the children who are ignored or rejected by their peers are defficient in interpersonal skills and have poor interpersonal strategies. But they may also have inadeguate expectations toward their peers. To test this assumption, we constructed the "Friendship Expectation Scale (FES)" and examined the relations between the scores of FES and the sociometric status scores (SSS) based on the "social acceptance scale". The FES scale has four sub-scales, namely , co-activity with, empathic feeling to, acceptance of, and confidence in a peer. The main results are as follows.1) Girls expect more in their friendship than boys2) There are significant differences in expectancies among three types of relations;best friend, second best friend and a friend of medium intimacy (neutral friend).3) The subscale which shows the largest differences in expec-tations among the types of friendship relations is "confi-dence", and "co-activities" is the smallest one.4) Higher SSS children are likely to expect more than lower ones. and this tendency is more remarkable in girls group.5) FES differences among SSS groups are the largest in the expectancies to a neutral friend.6) The most remarkable SSS differences are found in "Empatic feeling" subscale.As mentioned above, sociometric status is closely related with FES score. Especially, "Empathic feeling" is supposed to have a notable effct on successfull friendship relations.