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A Study on the Central Mechanisms in the Verbal Learning Process of Autistic Children and its Application to Remedial Education.

自闭症儿童言语学习过程的中心机制及其在矫正教育中的应用研究。

基本信息

批准号：
60510117
负责人：
MIZUTANI Tohru
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
Tokyo Gakugei University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. The responsive frequency component of EEG power spectrum was examined in normal and autistic children during verbal and visuo-spatial tasks with eyes open. In both of verbal and visuo-spatial cognitive tasks, <alpha> -attenuation was produced maximally at 10-11Hz band at parietal areas. Such an <alpha> -attenuation by task conditions was missed at occipital areas. The difference of laterality index between verbal and visuo-spatial tasks for each frequency band was found to be maximal also at 10-11Hz band at parietal areas, whereas no consistent differences were found at occipital areas. These results suggest that the most responsive frequency component of EEG power spectrum may be restricted at around 10-11Hz band.2. To investigate the hemispheric processing during verbal learning of autistic children, the task-related EEG <alpha> -asymmetry and behavioral laterality were examined during word completion tasks (verbal tasks) and design completion tasks (nonverbal tasks). Though EEG <alpha> -attenuation was seen during both tasks, the shift of task-related <alpha> - asymmetry was not clear in autistic children. The analysis of behavior revealed that autistic children had tendency of left side precedence. These findings suggest that autistic children have some deffects in hemispheric lateralization rather than a selective impairment of the left hemisphere.3. We employed a visual teaching method with kanji and kana to investigate the ability of autistic children for attaining propriate language skills. It was confirmed that they could aquire kanji words easily both in meaning and sound. The visual language training with kana words also appeard to aid their auditory discrimination of spoken language, and to improve their speech precision.

1. 研究了正常儿童和自闭症儿童睁眼进行语言和视觉空间任务时脑电功率谱的响应频率成分。在言语和视觉空间认知任务中，顶叶区< α >衰减在10-11Hz频段最大。这种由任务条件引起的< α >衰减在枕区被忽略了。言语任务和视觉空间任务在各频带的偏侧性指数差异在10 ~ 11hz时在顶叶区最大，而在枕叶区没有一致的差异。这些结果表明，脑电功率谱中最敏感的频率成分可能限制在10-11Hz左右。为了研究自闭症儿童言语学习过程中大脑半球的加工过程，研究了自闭症儿童在言语完成任务（言语任务）和设计完成任务（非言语任务）中的脑电< α > -不对称和行为侧性。虽然在两种任务中都观察到脑电图< α > -衰减，但自闭症儿童任务相关的< α > -不对称性的转移并不明显。行为分析显示自闭症儿童有左侧优先倾向。这些发现表明自闭症儿童在大脑半球偏侧方面有一些缺陷，而不是左半球的选择性损伤。我们采用汉字和假名的视觉教学方法来研究自闭症儿童获得适当语言技能的能力。结果表明，他们在意义和发音上都能很容易地习得汉字。假名词的视觉语言训练也有助于他们对口语的听觉辨别，提高他们的说话精度。