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Carbon-fiber Discharge Plasmas as a Soft X-ray Source for Calibration

碳纤维放电等离子体作为校准用软 X 射线源

基本信息

批准号：
60580004
负责人：
ISHII Shozo
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60580004/
关键词：
Soft X-Ray Plasma Z-Pinch 炭素繊維

项目摘要

We proposed carbon-fiber discharge plasmas as a soft X-ray source for calibration of detectors and spectroscopic instruments. Two methods have been developed for installing brittle carbon-fiber of 7 <micro> m in diameter between discharge electrodes. (1) A pair of microtweezers is used to pick up the fiber from a fiber holder in a water-filled discharge chamber. (2) A loading system with a cartridge containing the fiber and a vacuum sealed loader enabled to install the fiber in a vacuum chamber. A compact and fast response X-ray sensor is devised by combining a 1 mm thick disc-shaped plastic scintillator and a optical fiber. Carbon-fiber discharge characteristics have been examined in three environmental conditions. (1) In atomospheric pressure, a shock wave originates at the surface of the fiber and propagates in the surrounding air. The discharge current flows through two regions, namely, the fiber and the shock heated plasma of the air. (2) In water, the current flows in the carbon plasma only. The electrical conductivity of the palsma is obtained by the theoretical equation considering degerated states. (3) In vacuum, a part of the fiber evaporates and comes to a plasma state. A tunable X-ray source is proposed by discharging the carbon-fiber with graphite intercalated materials. To examine this idea, X-ray emission is measured in a copper coated carbon-fiber discharge.

我们提出了碳纤维放电等离子体作为软X射线源的探测器和光谱仪器的校准。两种方法已被开发用于安装直径为7米的脆性碳<micro>纤维放电电极之间。(1)使用一对微型镊子从充水放电室中的光纤保持器中拾取光纤。(2)一种装载系统，具有容纳光纤的盒和能够将光纤安装在真空室中的真空密封装载器。将1mm厚的塑料闪烁体与光纤相结合，设计了一种结构紧凑、响应速度快的X射线传感器。在三种环境条件下研究了碳纤维的放电特性。(1)在大气压力下，冲击波起源于光纤表面并在周围空气中传播。放电电流流经两个区域，即纤维和空气的冲击加热等离子体。(2)在水中，电流仅在碳等离子体中流动。利用考虑简并态的理论方程，得到了该材料的电导率。(3)在真空中，一部分纤维蒸发并进入等离子体状态。提出了一种利用石墨插层碳纤维放电的可调谐X射线源。为了检验这个想法，X射线发射测量在铜涂层的碳纤维放电。