Consequences of nonstandard work schedules for parent and child wellbeing: A multi-country study (NONWELL)

所谓的“全天候经济”的出现导致越来越多的人在非标准的工作时间(如晚上、夜间或周末)工作。这些趋势极大地改变了家庭的过程和互动。非标准工作时间安排可能会减少父母为子女提供的时间，损害父母的心理健康，从而限制父母的养育能力，削弱亲子关系。NSWs对父母的这些负面影响最终会影响到孩子的福祉。到目前为止，关于非标准工作时间在不同情况下如何影响家庭幸福的证据有限。这项名为NONWELL的拟议项目将使用来自德国、澳大利亚、英国和美国的大规模纵向数据，研究非标准工作时间表对儿童和父母心理健康的影响。我们在这个项目中的第一个目标是研究NSWs对父母的影响--特别是对他们的心理健康和福祉的影响。第二，我们将研究净社会福利对父母的影响是否以及如何反过来影响其子女的福祉。为此，我们将分析传播途径(中介因素)，并确定儿童、家庭和职业特征，以缓解或加剧NSWs对儿童幸福感的影响(中介因素)。第三，我们将研究不同家庭政策和工作时间制度的国家，NSWs对父母和儿童福祉的影响是否有所不同。NONWELL将是这一国际范围内的第一个项目，以阐明在不同的社会和经济背景下，国家妇女对家庭福祉的影响。

The emergence of the so-called “24/7 economy” has led to an increasing number of people working nonstandard schedules (e.g., evenings, nights, or weekends). These trends have dramatically altered family processes and interactions. Nonstandard work schedules (NSWS) can reduce the amount of time parents have available for their children and compromise parents’ mental health, thus limiting parenting capacities and weakening parent-child relation-ships. These negative impacts of NSWS on parents can ultimately affect children’s well-being. There is limited evidence to date on how nonstandard work schedules impact family well-being in different contexts. The proposed project, NONWELL, will examine the consequences of nonstandard work schedules for the psychological well-being of children and parents using large-scale longitudinal data from Germany, Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Our first aim in this project is to examine the consequences of NSWS for parents—in particular, for their mental health and well-being. Second, we will examine whether and how the consequences of NSWS for parents in turn affect their children’s well-being. To do so, we will analyze transmission pathways (mediating factors) and identify child, family, and job char-acteristics that mitigate or exacerbate the impact of NSWS on child well-being (moderating factors). Third, we will examine whether the impact of NSWS on parent and child well-being varies across countries with different family policies and working time regimes. NONWELL will be the first project of this international scope to elucidate the impact of NSWS on family well-being in diverse social and economic contexts.