Genetic analysis of genes in mutants of graminicolous leaf-blight fungi

禾本科叶枯病菌突变体基因的遗传分析

• 批准号: 61560053
• 负责人: TSUDA Mitsuya
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1986 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-61560053/
• 关键词: Teleomorph; Ascospore; Mutation; Melanin; Cochliobolus hetrostrophus; Leaf-blight; Polyoxin; ネクトリア; アナモルフ-テレオモルフ関係; ネクトリア病; ポリオキシン耐性; メラニン合成; γ-線; UV; MNNG; EMS; 子のう胞子分析; イネごま葉枯病菌; オフィオボリン; 突然変異株; ニトロソグアニジン; 分生子

Crossing experiments with mutants genes, that reveal genetic information about plant pathogenic fungi are essential for elucidationg the nature of these parasites. In this project, I have confirmed the basis for ascospore analysis of graminicolous leaf-blight fungi by using teleomorph formation with mutant genes in vitro.1. Anamorph-teleomorph connection in some plant pathogenic fungi and its application; Anamorph-teleomorph connection in some plant pathogenic fungi including graminicolous leaf-blight fungi were summarized. Ascocarp-ascospore production under controlled laboratory conditions have demonstrated and compared with conidium production. Ascospore dispersion of the causal agent of Nectria blight of Piper nigrum in the field was also confirmed.2. Comparison of mutagenes in Cochliobolus heterostrophus mutagenesis; Lethal and mutagenic effects of four kinds of mutagenes (N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS), UV light, -ray) on the fungus were studied. MNNG and EMS are almost equally effective in inducing the mutants. The maximum frequency of mutants among the suvaivors was at ca. 5 % survival in MNNG treatment and at 1.4 % survaival in EMS treatment.3. Genetic analysis of genes in mutants of Cochliobolus heterostrophus; Five types of color mutants were obtained through chemical mutagenesis. The genetic deficient sites of the mutants were determined. The genetic deficient sites of mutants carring Albl,Scy,Brn, and Pgr were at the cyclization of pentaketide, conversion of scytalone, conversion of 1,3,8-THN, and oxidation of 1,8-DHN respectively, in the melanin biosynthesis. The results of crossing experiments indicated that lbl,Alb2 and Brn were closely linked, and that Scy and Pgr were same linkage group. Polyoxin resistant mutant carring Pol was also obtained. Pol was segregated indipendently from above mentioned loci.

利用突变体基因进行杂交实验，揭示植物病原真菌的遗传信息，对于阐明这些寄生物的性质是必不可少的。在这个项目中，我已经确定了基础的子囊孢子分析的禾本科生叶枯病真菌通过使用有性型形成与突变基因在体外。植物病原真菌无性型与有性型之间的联系及其应用综述了包括禾本科叶枯病菌在内的植物病原真菌无性型与有性型之间的联系。在受控的实验室条件下的子囊果-子囊孢子生产已被证明，并与分生孢子生产进行了比较。同时也证实了黑胡椒赤壳病病原菌的子囊孢子在田间的扩散.异柄旋孢霉诱变剂的比较研究研究了4种诱变剂（N-甲基-N-硝基-N-亚硝基胍（MNNG）、甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）、紫外光、γ射线）对该菌的致死和诱变效应。MNNG和EMS在诱导突变体方面几乎同样有效。突变体的最高频率出现在约100 ℃。MNNG组存活率为1.5%，EMS组存活率为1.4%.异色旋孢菌突变体基因的遗传分析通过化学诱变获得了5种颜色突变体。确定了突变体的遗传缺陷位点。Albl、Scy、Brn和Pgr突变体在黑色素合成中的遗传缺陷位点分别位于pentaketide的环化、scytalone的转化、1，3，8-THN的转化和1，8-DHN的氧化。杂交结果表明，lb 1、Alb 2和Brn紧密连锁，Scy和Pgr为同一连锁群。还获得了携带Pol的多霉素抗性突变体。Pol与上述位点分离。

项目成果

Tsuda, M.: "Mechanism of ascospore production---The effect of some factors" Shokubutsu Byogai Kenkyu (Kyoto). 10. 26-36 (1988)

Tsuda, M.：“子囊孢子产生的机制——某些因素的影响”Shokubutsu Byogai Kenkyu（京都）。

M. Hamada;T. Uchida, and M. Tsuda: Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. 54. (1988)

M.滨田；T.

M. Tsuda and A. Ueyama: ""Some plant pathogenic fungi and their teleomorphs" in "Pleomorphic fungi:The diversity and its taxonomic implications"" Kodansha and Elsevier, 19(325) (1987)

M. Tsuda 和 A. Ueyama：“多形真菌：多样性及其分类学意义”中的“一些植物病原真菌及其有性型””讲谈社和爱思唯尔，19(325) (1987)

日中千尋,久保康之,津田盛也: 日本植物病理学会報.

Chihiro Naka、Yasuyuki Kubo、Moriya Tsuda：日本植物病理学会通报。

獅山慈孝・古澤巌・津田盛也: 植物病害研究. 10. 1-11 (1988)

Yoshitaka Shiyama、Iwao Furusawa、Moriya Tsuda：植物病害研究。10. 1-11 (1988)。