Studies on the fungal flora in New Zealand and Tasmania

新西兰和塔斯马尼亚真菌区系研究

• 批准号: 03041047
• 负责人: TSUDA Mitsuya
• 金额: $ 5.12万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03041047/
• 关键词: New Zealand; Tasmania; New Caledonia; Mycoflora; Post-harvest; Endophyte; Ammonia fungi; Notofagus tree

1. Results on plant pathogenic fungiThere is scanty information as to what kind of seed-borne fungi are associated with commercial seeds of crops in Japan. Alternaria species found on cruciferous plants seeds in Japan were identified by comparisons with New Zealand isolates of the genus. Our results indicate that an Alternaria on cabbage seed is identical with A. Cheiranthus which causes deterioration of wallflower in New Zealand.Agricultural produces imported from New Zealand are often decayed in Japanese market by moulding. Post-harvest fungi on vegetables and fruits stored and sold in New Zealand were examined. The spectrum of fungi was somewhat different from those observed in Japan.2. Results on endophytic fungiResearch on the relationship between endophytes and their host paints has indicated the potential use of biocontrol agents. However, the study should begin with the first step in Japan. Survey of information on distribution and research strategy of glass endophyte in New Ze … More aland was undertaken. Characterization of isolates obtained from naturalized plants in Japan are now in progress. A preliminary test indicated that the fungi associated with Cyttaria gall on Notofagus trees collected in New Zealand and Tasmania might be identical. This is the first attempt to isolate the fungus from Cyttaria gall.3. Study on ammonia fungi in New ZealandTo clarify the sequential occurrence of particular species of fungi on natural soils after treatment with urea or ammoniuiti salt, periodical observation was done in several selected locations in New Zealand. Further, succession of mycoflora during degradation process of an opossum corpse was observed. Mushrooms fruited were essentially the sanie as those in Northern Hemisphere. Some unidentified ones occurred indicate the difference. These studies are the first attempt in Southern Hemisphere.4. Results on mycorrhizal. fungiAnalysis of SHIRO formed by Hebeloma victoriensis revealed that the fungus was belonging to ectomycorrhizal. While, Cortinarius austrariensis had thick mycelial mat layer with morphologically peculiar mycorrhizae. Our observations suggested that an ecological niche of the fungus in New Zealand forest was similar to some Agarics in Northern Hemisphere. Specimens of mycorrhizal fungi collected in New Caledonia were examined now.5. Results on edible or useful fungiSpecimens of edible or useful mushrooms and microfungi were collected and pure culture isolation were made. Examples are Aphyllophoraceous fungi and Trichoderma. species.6. Other resultsWe collected many specimens of higher plants which were lack in Japanese herbaria. Thus we could make good the shortage of specimens proper to New Caledonia. We also Collected fungi associated with these plants. Identification work is now in progress. Less

1.关于植物病原真菌的研究结果在日本，与商品农作物种子相关的种子携带真菌的种类很少。在日本十字花科植物种子上发现的链格孢属种通过与新西兰的该属分离物进行比较来鉴定。结果表明，甘蓝种子上的链格孢菌与A.桂竹香在新西兰是导致墙花变质的主要原因。从新西兰进口的农产品在日本市场上经常因霉变而腐烂。对新西兰储存和销售的蔬菜和水果上的采后真菌进行了检查。真菌谱与日本的真菌谱有些不同.植物内生真菌的研究结果植物内生真菌与寄主植物的关系研究表明，植物内生真菌是一种潜在的生物防治剂。但是，研究应该从日本的第一步开始开始。新疆玻璃内生菌的分布概况及研究对策 ...更多信息 aland进行。目前正在对从日本的归化植物中获得的分离物进行鉴定。初步测试表明，在新西兰和塔斯马尼亚采集的Notofagus树上与Cyttaria gall相关的真菌可能是相同的。这是首次从球花孢菌中分离到该真菌。新西兰氨真菌的研究为了阐明用尿素或铵盐处理后自然土壤上特定种类真菌的连续发生，在新西兰的几个选定地点进行了定期观察。此外，还观察了负鼠尸体降解过程中真菌区系的演替。结出的蘑菇基本上与北方的蘑菇一样健康。一些未识别的发生表明差异。这些研究是在南半球的首次尝试。关于mycorrhizal的文章真菌分析表明，Hebeloma victoriensis形成的SHIRO属于外生菌根。而澳大利亚丝膜菌菌丝层较厚，菌丝体形态独特。我们的观察表明，新西兰森林中的真菌的生态位类似于北方的一些伞菌。现对在新喀里多尼亚采集的菌根真菌标本进行检测.食用菌和有益菌的研究结果采集食用菌和有益菌及微生物标本，进行纯培养分离。实例是无叶真菌和木霉。物种。其他结果收集到日本标本馆所缺乏的高等植物标本。这样，我们就可以弥补新喀里多尼亚特有的标本的短缺。我们还收集了与这些植物有关的真菌。鉴定工作正在进行中。少

项目成果

Kishi,T.,Tahara,S.,Taniguchi,N.,Tsuda,M.,Tanaka,C.and Takahashi,S.: "New perylenequinones from Shiraia bambusicola" Planta Medica. 57. 376-379 (1991)

Kishi,T.、Tahara,S.、Taniguchi,N.、Tsuda,M.、Tanaka,C. 和 Takahashi,S.：“来自 Shiraia bambusicola 的新苝醌”Planta Medica。

Sagara,N.: "The fungal community--its organization and role in the ecosystem(eds by Caroll,G.C.and Wicklow,D.)" Marcel Dekker,New York, 427-454 (1992)

Sagara, N.：“真菌群落——其在生态系统中的组织和作用（由 Caroll, G.C. 和 Wicklow, D. 编辑）” Marcel Dekker，纽约，427-454 (1992)