Fundamental Study for Controlling Food Intake in Chickens

为了发展鸡的采食量、生长和生产的控制技术，有必要探索其控制机制，特别是中枢集成系统。下丘脑外侧区的单个神经元活动（单位），即，采用慢性植入微线技术，观察了公、母鸡的摄食中枢。结果表明，在雄鸡中，至少发现两种类型的神经元，在进食过程中，E型神经元被紧张性激活，而I型神经元则失活。此外，在E型单位内，一些阶段性激活出现一致的开始或结束的回合，一系列的啄，或开始的apeck。这表明来自喙、食道或眼睛的感觉信息应该会激活这种类型的神经元。为了加速摄食行为，加强这些信息可能是有效的 ...更多信息 S.其他生理信息可能激活这些神经元，参见，饥饿或饱足物质，我们证明存在于禁食鸡的血液中。大部分I型神经元与E型神经元同时记录，表明这些不同类型的神经元相邻存在。Ⅰ型单位在探究行为时相性激活，这类神经元应与摄食行为的开始有关，而在雌性鸡中只观察到一种Ⅰ型单位，它不仅在进食时紧张性激活，而且在探究行为时也紧张性激活。我们的行为学研究表明，母鸡的大部分活动时间用于啄或抓地，即进食与调查运动交织在一起。这支持了女性的一种神经元与不同的行为有关。摄食行为和神经元活动存在性别差异，提示摄食控制技术可能存在性别差异。少

In order to develop the technique controlling food intake, growth and production in chicken, it is necessary to explore the controlling mechanism, especially central integrative system. Single neuron activity (unit) of the lateral hypothalamic area, i.e., feeding center, was observed in male and female chickens using chronically implanted micro-wire technique. As the results, the meurons had some variations of activity consistent with the stages of feeding behavior.In male chickens at least two types of units were found; during a meal on type (E type) was activated tonically and the type (I type) was inactivated adversely. Furthermore, within E type of units some phasic activation appeared consistently with the start or the end of a bout, a sequence of pecking, or the start of apeck. This indicates that sensory informations form the beak, esophagus or eyes should activate this type of neurons. In order to accelerate feeding behavior it might be effective to strengthen these information … More s. Other physiological informations may activate this neurons, c.f., hunger or satiety substance, which we evidenced to exist in the blood of fasted chickens. Most of the units of I type were recorded with those of E type, indicating that these different types of neurons exist adjacently each other. Units of I types were activated phasically at the investigative behavior, Then this type of neurons should concern to the start of feeding behavior.In female chickens, only on etype of units was observed, which was activated not only tonically during eating, but also phaically at the investigative behavior. Our ethological study made clear that hens spent most of their active time for pecking or scratching the ground, that is, eating was intermingled with investigative movements. This supports that one type of neurons in females is concerned with different behaviros. Existence of sex differences in feeding behavior and neuron activity indicates possibility of sexual difference in controlling techniques of food intake. Less