A Comparative Study of Historical Geography on Modern Rectangular Land Survey for Agriculture and Colonization

在审查了毕格专员的报告之后，一项新的殖民政策从伦敦来到西北部，将整个领土划分为大约40平方英里的“县”，大约100平方英里的“百”和大约25平方英里的“教区”，并于1825年设置一平方英里的“区”。从1825年到19世纪50年代，除了1836-1842年期间的南澳外，所有澳大利亚殖民地都应该进行“县”、“百”、“教区”和一平方英里“区”的调查。但是，由于自然和社会条件、总督和测量长的性格或某种组合，每个殖民地的土地测量过程和结果都大不相同。无论如何，部分、教区、数百个县都被规划出来了，但矩形土地测量系统本身并不成功，并于1855年决定放弃。它失败的主要原因是测量长米切尔的消极态度和奥克斯利的矩形土地测量是不准确的。塔斯马尼亚;县，数百和教区的计划，由1829年，但矩形部分没有布局，因为物理特征和茂密的森林测量长弗兰克兰在1834年报告。很长的分配被布置出来，但一英里平方的部分，教区和数百个没有。各州都有计划，但没有执行。直到1852年，测量长罗伊继续向殖民地秘书解释这种土地测量的必要性;数百个县几乎完全被规划出来，但教区却没有。由于建立殖民地的系统性殖民活动，长方形土地的大小有很大的不同。维多利亚;除了在西北部的伯克和吉普斯州长以及测量员霍德尔的领导下，数百个测量区之外，以一英里见方的区域为基础的测量等级制得到了最完全的实施。这种情况在维多利亚的殖民地没有显著的不同。

A new colonial policy came to N.S.W. from London after the examination of Commissioner Bigg's Reports, to divide the whole territory into about 40 miles square "counties", about 100 square miles "hundreds" and about 25 square miles "parishes", and to set one mile square "sections" in 1825. The survey hierarchy of "county", "hundred", "parish" and one mile square "section" should have been carried out in all of the Australian colonies from 1825 to the 1850's, excepting South Australia during 1836-1842. But the process and result of land surveys in each colony were quite different from each other due to physical and social conditions, the characters of the Governor and Surveyor General, or some combination.N.S.W.; Sections, parishes, some hundreds, counties were laid out at any rate, but the rectangular land survey system itself was not successful and decided to be abandoned in 1855. The main reasons why it broke down were negative attitude of Surveyor General Mitchell and Oxley's rectangular land survey which was not accurate.Tasmania; Counties, hundreds and parishes were planned by 1829, but rectangular sections were not laid out because of physical features and thick forest as reported by Surveyor General Frankland in 1834.Western Australia; Long allotments were laid out, but one mile square sections, parishes and hundreds were not. Counties were planned but not implemented. Surveyor General Roe continued to explain the necessity of such land surveys to the colonial secretary to 1852.S.A.; Hundreds, counties were laid out nearly completely but parishes were not. Sizes of the rectangular allotments were quite different because of the systematic colonization for the foundation of the colony.Victoria; The survey hierarchy based on one mile square sections was most completely carried out except hundreds, under the Governors Bourke and Gipps of N.S.W. and Surveyor Hoddle. This situation was not significantly different in the colony of Victoria.