談話における文の文型と通達上の機能に関する研究

语篇句型与交际功能研究

• 批准号: 62210009
• 负责人: 尾上 圭介
• 金额: $ 0.64万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Special Project Research
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62210009/
• 关键词: 質問表現; 命令表現; 要求表現; 主語; 「は」と「が」; 感嘆表現; 言語的反応

文型と発話状況との関係を網羅的に整理するという究極的目標のために, 命令・要求表現と質問表現の文型の整理を行い, 同様の目的のために, 平叙文以外の文における助詞「は」と「が」の用法について調査して, 以下の知見を得た.1.命令・要求表現と質問表現に関して.(1)命令・要求表現は, 「無いものを求める」という広義要求表現の一つの場合として位置づけるのが妥当であり, 文型もその角度から整理し得る.(2)質問表現は, ある発話が相手に言語的反応を求めること一般の中に解消して, その一つの場合として位置づけるのが妥当である. 一つの発話が相手に言語的反応を要求・期待するあり方としては, 〔1〕「ことばが聞きとれたという相図を求める」から〔8〕「発話内容に関する新たな情報の提供を求める」まで, 8種類を数えることができる.2.平叙・質問・感嘆表現における「は」と「が」の用法に関して(1)事実の単なる記述, 報告のような種類の平叙文の場合(省略)(2)特別なタイプの平叙文では, 特異な面が見られる. cf・(5)(3)質問文において. 一般の質問文では, 両助詞の使い分けは, (1)の場合と並行するが, あるタイプの質問文では, 特異な面が見られる. cf・(5)(4)驚き, 感動など心の動きそのものを表す表現(詠嘆表現と区別した狭義の感嘆表現)では, 必ず「が」が用いられる.(5)主語には「は」も「が」も使えない文(使った場合には特別な意味あいが出てしまって, 発話意図とかけはなれてしまう文)がある. それは, 〔A〕存在に関する質問文, 〔B〕ある特別な種類の教え, 勧め, 同意要求, 質問, 感嘆文, 〔C〕その内容が話し手のこと, または聞き手のことに決まっている文など10タイプに類型化し得る.

The following observations were obtained by investigating the usage of the auxiliary word "" and "" in texts other than narrative texts. (1)Command·request performance,"no middle hand to seek" (2)Question performance is not, the words are, the words 1. The opposite of speech is required and expected. 2. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 4. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 4. The opposite of speech is expected. 5. The opposite of speech is expected. 6. The opposite of speech is expected. 7. The opposite of speech is expected. 8. The opposite of speech is expected. 9. The opposite of speech is expected. 2. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 1. The opposite of speech is expected. 2. The opposite of speech is expected. 8. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 2. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 4. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 2. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 4. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 4. The opposite of speech is expected. 3. 3. The opposite of speech is expected. 3 (2) Special (2) Special (3) Special (2) Special (3) Special (4) Special (4) Special (5) Special (6) Special (7) Special (8) Special (8) Special (9) Special (Special)(Special) cf·(5)(3) Questioning the text. General questions, auxiliary words, etc.,(1) occasions, parallel questions, special questions, etc. cf·(5)(4) Surprise, move, heart, heart, heart (5)The subject is "" [A] There is a question about the text,[B] there is a special kind of teaching,[C] there is a special kind of teaching,[D] there is a special kind of teaching,[C] there is a special kind of teaching,[D] there is a special kind of asking,[D] there is a special kind of questioning,[C] there is a special kind of writing,[D] there is a special kind of writing,[C] there is a special kind of writing,[D] there is a special kind of writing,[D] there is a special kind of teaching,[D] there is a special kind of writing,[D] there is a special kind