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Onset mechanism of psychiatric disorders related to the biological clock abnormalities and their treatment

生物钟异常相关精神疾病的发病机制及其治疗

基本信息

批准号：
62304044
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Saburo
金额：
$ 9.02万
依托单位：
Shiga University of Medical Science
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research project team was organized to clarify what function of the biological clock is out of order in the diseases to which circadian rhythm abnormalities relate and what treatment would be effective for those disorders.1. Experimental research using animals. Using golden hamsters which have photoperiodism, evidence was established for their reactions to photoperiod are related to their experiences of having exposured to the light and their developmental stages. In rats changes in the living conditions had definitely alter their free-running period. Circadian rhyhtms of the pineal of the mother was transmitted to the pups by way of melatonin. Acrophase of the circadian rhythm delayed in rats kept in the dim light and shortened photoperiod, while it advanced by the treatment with photopulsations, thus these animals can be used as an animal model of the seasonal affective disorder.2. Basic research in humans. Evidence for the phase response curve to the light in humans was obtaine … More d by the experiments in which volunteers living in an isolation unit were observed their temperature rhythms longitudinally. Inter-individual difference in the melatonin secretion patterns to various light intensities was evident in the normal volunteers, and Orientals were commonly lower sensitivity to the light than Caucasians. Interval feeding in the severely ill patients unable to eat showed changes in the timing of feeding shifted the phase of their circadian rhythms of not only glucose and insulin levels but cortisol in plasma. This may suggest strong association of nutritional intake schedule with circadian rhythms. In children with severe brain damage had abnormalities of body temperature rhythm that suggests localization of the clock mechanism in the brain.3. Clinical Investigations. Multi-center collaborative survey was carried out for seasonal affective disorder in Japanese population. 46 suspected individuals were identified through investigation of population responded to mass media advertisemes. Relationship of onset of depressive episodes to the season, clinical features of this disorder were analyzed and comparison was made with previous data in other populations. Many similarities were noticed while sex ratio in Japanese population was rather low as 1:1.4 (m:f). Equipments for phototherapy were deviced and applied to these patients and proved to have efficacy. Phototherapy was found to be effective to other disorders such as senile dementias and sleep disorders. Deep body temperature rhythms were variablly disturbed in depression. Less

组织这个研究项目小组的目的是阐明生物钟在疾病中的什么作用与昼夜节律异常有关，以及对这些疾病的治疗将是有效的。用动物进行的实验研究。利用具有光周期的金黄仓鼠，建立了它们对光周期的反应与它们暴露在光下的经历和它们的发育阶段有关的证据。在大鼠中，生活条件的变化肯定改变了它们的自由奔跑期。母亲松果体的昼夜节律通过褪黑素传递给幼崽。结论：1.暗光短周期条件下大鼠昼夜节律峰期延迟，而光脉冲处理可使其提前，可作为季节性情感障碍的动物模型。人体基础研究。人类对光的相位响应曲线的证据是Obtaine…更多的是通过实验对住在隔离单元的志愿者的温度节律进行纵向观察。在正常志愿者中，褪黑素对不同光强度的分泌模式存在明显的个体差异，东方人对光的敏感度普遍低于高加索人。不能进食的重病患者的间歇喂养显示，喂养时间的变化不仅改变了他们血糖和胰岛素水平的昼夜节律，还改变了他们血浆皮质醇的昼夜节律。这可能表明营养摄入计划与昼夜节律有很强的关联。严重脑损伤儿童体温节律异常，提示时钟机制定位于脑内。临床调查。对日本人群的季节性情感障碍进行多中心协作性调查。通过对大众媒体广告回应人群的调查，确定了46名疑似个人。分析了抑郁发作的发病与季节的关系，这种疾病的临床特征，并与其他人群的先前数据进行了比较。日本人的性别比很低，只有1：1.4(m：f)，但有许多相似之处。研制了光疗设备，并应用于这些患者，取得了较好的治疗效果。光疗被发现对其他疾病有效，如老年性痴呆和睡眠障碍。抑郁症患者的深层体温节律受到不同程度的干扰。较少