An Empirical Study on Values of Japanese Office Workers : In Comparison with Youth Culture

日本上班族价值观的实证研究:与青年文化的比较

• 批准号: 06451034
• 负责人: TAKAHASHI Saburo
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06451034/
• 关键词: youth culture; collectivism

As is well known, 'self-interest' , and 'preference' are the two dominant values among contemporary Japanese youth, especially among college students. College students, most of whom will become office workers, are individualistic in that they are looking for opportunities to earn more money and to attain higher social status, and also in that they are eager to enjoy themselves. On the other hand, Japanese companies are said to be rather collectivistic. The company requires its workers to contribute largely to the company's success. And oddly enough, office workers seem to accept the requirement and to work hard willingly. There is a great difference between the college students' individualism and the ex-college students office workers' collectivism. How can college students transform themselves so quickly?To clarify the process of the quick self-transformation of the Japanese youth, we interviewed several office workers and a dozen of college students, and also conducted a survery research, which asked 633 senior students of a college in Kansai area. Findings are as follows.1 College clubs are a primary focus for contemporary Japanese college students, who never think of their future life course until they become junior.2 Being junior, their focus moves to getting a job. Their activities come to be detaermined by self-interest.3 In the circumstances, to act from self-interest means to conform to the company's demands. For if they don't conform, they lose their chances. The conformity lasts for years, until they come to acquire collectivistic attitudes.

众所周知，“利己”和“偏好”是当代日本青年尤其是大学生的两大主导价值观。大学生，其中大多数将成为办公室职员，是个人主义的，因为他们在寻找机会赚更多的钱和获得更高的社会地位，也因为他们渴望享受自己。另一方面，据说日本公司相当集体主义。公司要求员工为公司的成功作出重大贡献。奇怪的是，上班族似乎接受了这个要求，并愿意努力工作。大学生的个人主义与原大学生上班族的集体主义存在很大差异。大学生如何能够这么快地转变自己？为了弄清日本年轻人快速自我转变的过程，我们采访了几位上班族和十几位大学生，还对关西地区一所大学的633名高年级学生进行了调查研究。调查结果如下。1 大学社团是当代日本大学生的主要关注点，他们在进入大三之前从未考虑过自己未来的人生轨迹。2 进入大三后，他们的注意力转向了找工作。他们的活动逐渐由自身利益决定。3在这种情况下，从自身利益出发就意味着要符合公司的要求。因为如果他们不服从，他们就会失去机会。这种从众行为会持续很多年，直到他们形成集体主义态度。