Estimation of Source Contribution of Atmospheric Aerosols

本研究主要围绕以下四个方面展开研究：1）建立PIXE气溶胶颗粒物元素分析系统：采用四种不同的电离室，在不同的离子束轰击条件和测量条件下，研究了PIXE分析的灵敏度和准确度。确定了PIXE分析大气气溶胶的最佳分析条件。2）大气气溶胶的PIXE分析表征：在不同季节和地点采集了600多个大气气溶胶样品，包括冬季重污染事件和Kosa事件。元素浓度的时间变化一般在春季和初冬出现峰值，这是由于科萨和稳定条件造成的 ...更多信息 3）受体模型评价颗粒物污染源贡献的可靠性：根据测量数据的误差大小和/或源廓线数据的波动，评价了化学质量平衡法（CMB）和主成分分析法（PCA）的可靠性。在假定各源贡献估计的允许误差范围的前提下，给出了测量数据的最大允许误差大小和源数据的最大允许波动。4）大气气溶胶源贡献的估计：采用CMB和PCA两种方法研究了源对大气颗粒物贡献的季节变化和区域特征。使用了本研究中获得的元素浓度数据以及NASN台站的数据。土壤源的贡献最大的五个假设的来源在每个网站，并在每年春季升高。而人为污染源的贡献在初冬出现峰值。少

In this study, the following four subjects were investigated for the final goal of higher time-resolution analysis of source contribution on particulate air pollution ;1) Establishment of PIXE system for elemental analysis of aerosol particles : Sensitivity and accuracy in PIXE analysis were investigated under the various ion-beam bombardment conditions and measurement conditions using four different types of irradiation chamber. The optimum analytical conditions were determined for the PIXE analysis of atmospheric aerosols. The standard samples prepared in this study were shown to be applied effectively for the calibration of PIXE analysis.2) Characterization of atmospheric aerosols by PIXE analysis : More than 600 atmospheric aerosol samples were collected in the various seasons and sites, including winter heavy pollution episode and Kosa episode. The time changes of elemental concentration had generally peaks in spring and early winter which were caused by Kosa and stable condition … More of atmosphere, respectively.3) Reliability of receptor model evaluating the source contribution to particulate air pollution : the reliability of Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) method and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was evaluated as a function of error size in the measurement data and/or fluctuation of source profile data. Assuming the allowable limit of error in the estimation of each source contribution, the maximum permitted error size in the measurement data and the maximum permissible fluctuation of source data were suggested.4) Estimation of source contribution of atmospheric aerosols : The seasonal variation and regional fiature of source contribution to atmospheric particulate pollutants were investigated using both CMB and PCA methods. The elemental concentration data obtained in this study as well as it NASN stations were used. Soil source contribution was most significant among the five assumed sources at every site and was elevated in spring every year. On the other hand, the contributions of anthropogenic sources had peaks in early winter. Less